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. 2022 Nov 8;49(1):5. doi: 10.3892/or.2022.8442

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Copyright: © Zhou et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 2. — Effect of AS-IV on apoptosis and autophagy. Extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways of apoptosis and autophagy are all affected by AS-IV. XIAP, X-linked mammalian inhibitor of apoptosis; MCL1, myeloid cell leukemia 1; c-FLIP, cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein; SMAC, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases; AS-IV, astragaloside-IV; Apaf-1, apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1; JNK1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1; FADD, Fas-associated protein with death domain; DISC, death-inducing signaling complex; BCL2, B-cell lymphoma 2 apoptosis regulator; BCL-xl, B-cell lymphoma-extra large; BAX, BCL2-associated X apoptosis regulator; Bak, BCL2 antagonist/killer 1; AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; VPS34, vacuolar protein sorting 34; ATG14, autophagy related 14.