Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the review (N=15).
| Study | Behavior change theorya | Intervention | |||||||||
|
|
|
Typeb | Study design | Comparison group | Length | Country | Participant ethnicity | Health riskc | Participants, Nd | Age, mean (SD) | P valuee |
| Grossman et al [61] | Several BCTsf | Weight loss | 2-arm feasibility pilot | Endurance group | 16 weeks | United States | White | Obesity | 11 | 59.0 (5.33) | No |
| Hartman et al [62] | SCTg | Weight loss | 2-arm pilot | Usual care | 6 months | United States | White | Breast cancer and overweight or obesity | 54 | 45.7 (4.0) | Yesh |
| Park and Kim [60] | Several BCTs | Weight loss | 2-arm quasi-experimental RCTi | Control group | 12 weeks | South Korea | South Korean | Abdominal obesity | 67 | 51.3 (11.31) | Yesh |
| Cadmus-Bertram et al [64] | CALO-REj framework | Lifestyle (PAk) | 2-arm RCT | Control group | 16 weeks | United States | White | Overweight or obesity | 51 | 58.6 (6.5) | No |
| Finkelstein et al [65] | Several BCTs | Lifestyle (PA) | 2-arm crossover pilot | No SMS text message group | 8 weeks | United States | White and African American | Obesity | 27 | 52.0 (12.0) | Yesh |
| Fukuoka et al [66] | SCT (Bandura) and SCMl | Lifestyle (PA) | 3-arm parallel RCT | Control group | 12 weeks | United States | White | Overweight or obesity | 210 | 52.4 (11.2) | Yesh |
| Lynch et al [67] and Nguyen et al [68] | MIm and several BCTs | Lifestyle (PA and sleep) | 2-arm RCT | Control group | 12 weeks | Australia | White | Breast cancer and overweight or obesity | 83 | 61.6 (6.4) | Yesh and no |
| McGuire et al [69] and Anderson et al [73] | SCT (Bandura) | Lifestyle (PA) and menopausal symptoms | 3-arm equivalency RCT | No-technology group (group B) | 12 weeks | Australia | White | Breast cancer and overweight or obesity | 225 | 50.9 (5.9) | No |
| Ryan et al [63] | ITHBCn | Lifestyle (diet) | 2-arm repeated-measure experimental RCT | Usual care | 6 months | United States | White | N/Ao | 148 | 50.11 (5.53) | No |
| Steinberg et al [48] | Several BCTs | Lifestyle (diet) | 2-arm feasibility RCT | Control group (active) | 12 weeks | Australia | White | Hypertension | 59 | 49.9 (11.9) | No |
| Im et al [70] | SETp (Bandura) | Menopausal symptoms | 2-arm repeated-measure RCT | Control group | 12 weeks | United States | Asian American | N/A | 29 | 45.7 (4.0) | No |
| Im et al [71] | SET (Bandura) | Menopausal symptoms | 2-arm repeated-measure RCT | Control group | 12 weeks | United States | Asian American | Breast cancer | 91 | 51.3 (11.31) | No |
| Ryan et al [72] | IFSMTq | Menopausal symptoms | 3-arm prospective repeated-measure longitudinal RCT | Waitlist | 12 months | United States | White | Overweight | 260 | 50.57 (5.19) | No |
aBehavior change theory consisted of (1) several behavior change techniques; (2) the Social Cognitive Theory; (3) the Coventry, Aberdeen, and London-Refined framework; (4) the Self-Efficacy Theory; (5) the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change; and (6) the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory.
bIntervention outcome types included (1) weight loss, (2) lifestyle (physical activity), (3) lifestyle (diet), (4) lifestyle (sleep), and (5) menopausal symptoms.
cHealth risks included (1) obesity, (2) breast cancer, (3) overweight or obesity, (4) hypertension, (5) overweight, and (6) abdominal obesity.
dNumber of participants in the intervention.
eStatistically significant between-group differences.
fBCT: behavior change technique.
gSCT: Social Cognitive Theory.
hP<.05.
iRCT: randomized controlled trial.
jCALO-RE: Coventry, Aberdeen, and London-Refined.
kPA: physical activity.
lSCM: Stages of Change Model.
mMI: Motivational Interviewing.
nITHBC: Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change.
oN/A: not applicable.
pSET: Self-efficacy Theory.
qIFSMT: Individual and Family Self-Management Theory.