Table 2. Clinical data from confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil (data up to May 25, 2020).
| Clinical presentation of confirmed patients (n = 17,631) |
Domestic quarantine (n = 1,442) n (%) |
Recovered (n = 8,863) n (%) |
Case-fatalities (n = 2,328) n (%) |
Admitted to isolation ward (n = 4,771) n (%) |
Admitted to ICU (n = 227) n (%) |
Comparison between recovered and case-fatality patients (P-value) |
Comparison between patients admitted to isolation ward and ICU (P-value) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coughing (n = 12,232) | 874 (0.60) | 6,124 (0.69) | 1,574 (0.67) | 3,512 (0.73) | 148 (0.65) | 0.169 | 0.005 | |
| Fever (n = 10,976) | 853 (0.59) | 5,256 (0.59) | 1,493 (0.64) | 3,236 (0.67) | 138 (0.60) | < 0.001 | 0.027 | |
| Dyspnea or respiratory distress with SpO2 < 95% (n = 8,941) | 507 (0.35) | 2,619 (0.29) | 2,057 (0.88) | 3,559 (0.74) | 199 (0.87) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Sore throat or odynophagia (n = 4,847) | 460 (0.31) | 3,470 (0.39) | 216 (0.09) | 664 (0.13) | 37 (0.16) | < 0.001 | 0.313 | |
| Myalgia (n = 1,416) | 460 (0.31) | 333 (0.03) | 99 (0.04) | 513 (0.10) | 11 (0.04) | 0.270 | 0.005 | |
| Vomiting or nausea or diarrhea (n = 1,293) | 186 (0.12) | 316 (0.03) | 191 (0.08) | 582 (0.12) | 18 (0.07) | < 0.001 | 0.053 | |
| Headache (n = 1,049) | 277 (0.19) | 352 (0.03) | 51 (0.02) | 361 (0.07) | 8 (0.03) | < 0.001 | 0.023 | |
| Anosmia (n = 801) | 223 (0.15) | 284 (0.03) | 31 (0.01) | 257 (0.05) | 6 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.070 | |
| Adynamia or asthenia (n = 545) | 55 (0.03) | 120 (0.01) | 77 (0.02) | 287 (0.06) | 6 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.035 | |
| Dysgeusia or loss of taste (n = 490) | 170 (0.11) | 218 (0.02) | 20 (< 0.01) | 77 (0.01) | 5 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.495 | |
| Hyporexia (n = 138) | 10 (< 0.01) | 10 (< 0.01) | 31 (0.01) | 85 (0.01) | 2 (< 0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.311 | |
| Abdominal pain (n = 88) | 7 (< 0.01) | 13 (< 0.01) | 19 (< 0.01) | 48 (0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.398 | |
| Sneezing (n = 46) | 9 (< 0.01) | 27 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | 9 (< 0.01) | – | 0.025 | 0.512 | |
| Eye pain (n = 20) | 5 (< 0.01) | 16 (< 0.01) | 2 (< 0.01) | 3 (< 0.01) | – | 0.724 | 0.705 | |
| Chest pain (n = 12) | 3 (< 0.01) | 4 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | 4 (< 0.01) | – | 0.965 | 0.663 | |
| Running nose (n = 9) | 4 (< 0.01) | 154 (0.01) | 19 (< 0.01) | 2 (< 0.01) | – | < 0.001 | 0.758 | |
| Asymptomatic (n = 9) | 1 (< 0.01) | 5 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | 2 (< 0.01) | – | 0.803 | 0.758 | |
| Not declared or not available (n = 1,339) | 279 (0.19) | 704 (0.07) | 107 (0.04) | 239 (0.05) | 10 (0.04) | < 0.001 | 0.683 | |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Hypertension (n = 863) | 17 (0.01) | 63 (< 0.01) | 643 (0.27) | 126 (0.02) | 14 (0.06) | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
| Diabetes (n = 533) | 1 (< 0.01) | 182 (0.02) | 309 (0.13) | 35 (< 0.01) | 6 (0.02) | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
| Obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) (n = 110) | 1 (< 0.01) | 6 (< 0.01) | 86 (0.03) | 14 (< 0.01) | 3 (0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.009 | |
| Chronic renal failure (any stage) (n = 90) | – | 2 (< 0.01) | 76 (0.03) | 11 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.528 | |
| History of stroke (n = 85) | – | 2 (< 0.01) | 72 (0.03) | 10 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.468 | |
| Asthma (n = 63) | – | 12 (< 0.01) | 35 (0.01) | 14 (< 0.01) | 2 (< 0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.126 | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 48) | – | 5 (< 0.01) | 36 (0.01) | 4 (< 0.01) | 3 (0.01) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Any neoplasia (n = 33) | – | 3 (< 0.01) | 26 (0.01) | 4 (< 0.01) | – | < 0.001 | 0.663 | |
| History of myocardial infarction (n = 32) | – | 1 (< 0.01) | 27 (0.01) | 3 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | < 0.001 | 0.049 | |
| Chronic liver disease or hepatitis (n = 11) | – | 1 (< 0.01) | 5 (< 0.01) | 5 (< 0.01) | – | < 0.001 | 0.626 | |
| HIV infection (under control or not) (n = 9) | – | 3 (< 0.01) | 4 (< 0.01) | 2 (< 0.01) | – | 0.018 | 0.758 | |
| Transplanted (n = 3) | – | – | 2 (< 0.01) | 1 (< 0.01) | – | 0.006 | 0.827 | |
| Alcoholism (n = 1) | – | – | 1 (< 0.01) | – | – | 0.051 | – | |
| Without comorbidities or not declared or not available (n = 8,308) | 866 (0.60) | 3,640 (0.41) | 767 (0.32) | 2,882 (0.60) | 153 (0.67) | < 0.001 | 0.035 | |
ICU = intensive care unit; BMI = body mass index; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus.
It is important to state that the comparison shown above relates to: 1) Comparison between patients who progressed to death (case-fatalities) and patients who recovered; and 2) Comparison between patients who were admitted to an isolation ward and those admitted to an ICU. Therefore, for each symptom and comorbidity category, we performed statistical analysis to check whether there was any group-to-group significant difference.