Table 1.

Demographics and clinical data of participants.

Items	Healthy controls		MDD participants		t/F	p
	Male	Female	Male	Female
Numbers	31	47	30	47
Age (years, mean ± S.D.)	27.94 ± 7.72	28.96 ± 10.18	29.53 ± 9.25	29.98 ± 10.18	0.307	0.821
Education (year, mean ± S.D.)	12.77 ± 3.14	13.17 ± 2.84	13.43 ± 3.04	13.00 ± 3.27	0.259	0.855
HAMD-17 (mean ± S.D.)	0.81 ± 1.42	1.36 ± 1.61			−1.56	0.072
HAMD-17 (mean ± S.D.)			26.50 ± 5.54	26.34 ± 6.04	0.117	0.907
HAMD-17 (mean ± S.D.)	0.81 ± 1.42	1.36 ± 1.61	26.50 ± 5.54	26.34 ± 6.04	453.40	0.000*
HAMA (mean ± S.D.)	0.52 ± 1.18	1.00 ± 1.56			−1.464	0.153
HAMA (mean ± S.D.)			21.00 ± 9.13	22.49 ± 8.86	−0.675	0.502
HAMA (mean ± S.D.)a	0.52 ± 1.18	1.00 ± 1.56	21.00 ± 9.13	22.49 ± 8.86	139.61	0.000*
Duration of illness (month, mean ± S.D.)b	N/A	N/A	11.14 ± 16.16	9.18 ± 9.67	0.39	0.535

MDD, major depressive disorder; HAMD-17, 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression;

^*Significance level at p < 0.05; N/A, not applicable.

^aMissing information for 2 MDD female participants,4 MDD male participant and 1 healthy control.

^bMissing information for 5 MDD female participants and 4 MDD male participants.