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. 2022 Nov 24;21:349. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04392-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Standardized WHO cone bioassay results after washing. A shows cone bioassay data (24 h mortality) for PermaNet^® 2.0 nets LLINs from 2012 (n = 2 nets, 7 pieces per net) and LLINs from 2019 (n = 2, 7 pieces per net) washed according to WHO guidelines using a local soap. B To better understand the effect of the soap, we also conducted the same wash tests on the nets with water only, with no soap added at all. In both panels, data for LLINs from 2012 are shown as turquois circles and data from LLINs manufactured in 2019 are shown as magenta crosses. Data are presented as means (symbols). Also included are the means (bold lines) and the 95% confidence envelope of generalized additive model fits (dashed lines) to the raw data. The dotted lines indicate WHO thresholds of n = 20 washes and 80% mortality