Table 3.
Maternal blood total nicotine and metabolite concentration (NM) according to maternal self-reported tobacco use (n = 61), and subdivided according to maternal, neonatal and placental characteristics, outcomes and complications. Data are the frequency, mean and 95% confidence interval for NM in nmol/ml. Birthweight (g), placenta weight (g) and placenta size (cm x cm) are shown in italics
| No-tobacco | Chewer | Smoker | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | mean | 95% CI | n | mean | 95% CI | n | mean | 95% CI | |
| Maternal outcomes (n = 61) | |||||||||
| Maternal blood NM, nmol/mL | 28 | 0.48 | 0.01 – 0.96 | 15 | 1.14 | 0.53 – 1.75 | 18 | 0.93 | 0.60 – 1.26 |
| Elevated glucose | |||||||||
| Yes n = 16 | 5 | 0.18 | 0.14 – 0.21 | 7 | 1.57 | 0.22 –- 2.93 | 4 | 1.37 | 0.02 – 2.73 |
| No n = 45 | 23 | 0.55 | -0.02 – 1.13 | 8 | 0.77 | 0.36 – 1.18 | 14 | 0.80 | 0.48 – 1.13 |
| Hypertension | |||||||||
| Yes n = 12 | 7 | 1.12 | -1.12 – 3.37 | 1 | 1.54 | - | 4 | 0.56 | 0.11 – 1.01 |
| No n = 49 | 21 | 0.27 | 0.19 – 0.36 | 14 | 1.11 | 0.46 – 1.77 | 14 | 1.03 | 0.63 – 1.44 |
| Anaemia | |||||||||
| Yes n = 13 | 8 | 0.33 | 0.14 – 0.52 | 1 | 0.72 | - | 4 | 0.74 | -0.65 – 2.14 |
| No n = 48 | 20 | 0.55 | -0.12 – 1.22 | 14 | 1.17 | 0.52 – 1.81 | 14 | 0.98 | 0.63 – 1.33 |
| Neonatal outcomes (n = 61) | |||||||||
| Mean birthweight, g | 28 | 3279 | 3051 – 3506 | 15 | 3253 | 2834 – 3673 | 18 | 3338 | 2828 – 3847 |
| Gestation | |||||||||
| < 37 weeks n = 7 | 3 | 2.45 | -6.54 – 11.44 | 2 | 1.86 | -12.40 – 16.11 | 2 | 0.70 | -5.04 – 6.43 |
| ≥ 37 weeks n = 54 | 25 | 0.25 | 0.175 – 0.321 | 13 | 1.03 | 0.40 – 1.67 | 16 | 0.96 | 0.60 – 1.32 |
| Exposure to elevated glucose | |||||||||
| Yes n = 16 | 5 | 0.18 | 0.14 – 0.21 | 7 | 1.57 | 0.21 – 2.93 | 4 | 1.371 | 0.01 – 2.73 |
| mean birthweight, g | 5 | 3466 | 2223 – 4709 | 7 | 3794 | 3287 – 4301 | 4 | 3127 | 734 – 5520 |
| No n = 45 | 23 | 0.55 | -0.03 – 1.13 | 8 | 0.77 | 0.36 – 1.18 | 14 | 0.80 | 0.48 – 1.13 |
| mean birthweight, g | 23 | 3238 | 3030 –- 3445 | 8 | 2780 | 2293 – 3267 | 14 | 3398 | 2871 – 3925 |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male n = 32 | 16 | 0.69 | -0.16 – 1.54 | 9 | 1.40 | 0.36 – 2.44 | 7 | 0.77 | 0.28 – 1.27 |
| mean birthweight, g | 16 | 3209 | 2931 – 3486 | 9 | 3457 | 2920 – 3995 | 7 | 3723 | 2857 – 4589 |
| Females n = 29 | 12 | 0.21 | 0.13 – 0.29 | 6 | 0.76 | 0.32 – 1.20 | 11 | 1.03 | 0.54 – 1.52 |
| mean birthweight, g | 12 | 3372 | 2941 – 3802 | 6 | 2947 | 2111 – 3783 | 11 | 3093 | 2392 – 3793 |
| Neonate admitted to SCN1 | |||||||||
| Yes n = 22 | 11 | 0.84 | -0.45 – 2.13 | 7 | 1.81 | 0.61 – 3.01 | 4 | 1.17 | -0.46 – 2.81 |
| No n = 39 | 17 | 0.25 | 0.15 – 0.35 | 8 | 0.56 | 0.22 – 0.90 | 14 | 0.86 | 0.55 – 1.17 |
| APGAR at 5 minutes1 | |||||||||
| < 7 n = 6 | 3 | 0.22 | -0.12 – 0.56 | 2 | 2.40 | -18.57 – 23.36 | 1 | 1.04 | - |
| ≥ 7 n = 53 | 24 | 0.53 | -0.02 – 1.08 | 13 | 0.95 | 0.46 – 1.44 | 16 | 0.91 | 0.54 – 1.28 |
| Placental characteristics1 (n = 40) | |||||||||
| Maternal blood NM, nmol/mL | 21 | 0.55 | -0.09 – 1.19 | 10 | 0.99 | 0.35 – 1.63 | 9 | 0.76 | 0.45 – 1.08 |
| Placenta size, cm x cm | 21 | 299 | 270 – 327 | 10 | 280 | 213 – 347 | 9 | 250 | 198 – 302 |
| Placenta weight, g | 21 | 572 | 524 – 620 | 10 | 488 | 376 – 599 | 9 | 667 | 268 – 1065 |
1Data for neonatal live births only (n = 59)