FIGURE 3.

The GPR183 antagonist NIBR189 reduces macrophage infiltration and inflammatory cytokine production. C57BL/6J and Gpr183^−/− mice were infected intranasally with 5500 plaque-forming units (PFU) of influenza A virus (IAV). Mice were subsequently treated orally with 7.6 mg·kg⁻¹ NIBR189 or vehicle control twice daily from 1 day post infection (dpi) until the end of the experiment. a) Frequency of infiltrating macrophages (F480^high/CD11b⁺/Ly6G⁻/SigF⁻) and neutrophils (B220⁻CD3⁻Ly6G⁺) was determined by flow cytometry relative to total viable CD45⁺ immune cells at 3 dpi (left). Graphs show the frequency of macrophages and neutrophils (right). b) Cytokine measurements of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interferon β (IFNβ) and interferon λ (IFNλ) at 7 dpi measured by ELISA. Data are presented as mean±sd of n=5–12 infected mice per genotype and time point. U/I: mock infected; ns: nonsignificant. *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01.