Table 4.
Risk factors associated with high ferritin among the participants
| Variable | Ferritin ng/ml | OR (95% Cl) | p value | aOR (95% CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <300% (n/N) | ≥300% (n/N) | |||||
| Age | ||||||
| <5 | 89.29 (25/28) | 10.71 (3/28) | Ref | Ref | ||
| 5–9 | 72.13 (44/61) | 27.87 (17/61) | 3.22 (0.86–12.08) | 0.08 | 2.35 (0.45–12.30) | 0.31 |
| 10–14 | 89.83 (53/59) | 10.17 (6/59) | 0.94 (0.22–4.08) | 0.94 | 0.35 (0.06–2.18) | 0.26 |
| ≥15 | 83.33 (25/30) | 16.67 (5/30) | 1.67 (0.36–7.74) | 0.51 | 0.27 (0.03–2.21) | 0.22 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 72.70 (69/88) | 15.30 (19/88) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Male | 74.30 (78/90) | 15.70 (12/90) | 0.56 (0.25–1.23) | 0.15 | 0.33 (0.12–0.90) | 0.03 |
| SCD genotype | ||||||
| Other | 84.62 (11/13) | 15.38 (2/13) | Ref | Ref | ||
| HbSS | 81.45 (101/124) | 18.55 (23/124) | 1.25 (0.26–6.04 | 0.78 | 1.17 (0.12–11.14) | 0.89 |
| HbSC | 85.37 (35/41) | 14.63 (6/41) | 0.94 (0.17–5.36 | 0.95 | 1.27 (0.13–12.71) | 0.84 |
| VOPE in the last 12 months | ||||||
| 0 | 82.89 (63/76) | 17.11 (13/76) | Ref | Ref | ||
| 1–2 | 89.83 (53/59) | 10.17 (6/59) | 0.55 (0.19–1.54) | 0.26 | 0.29 (0.07–1.19) | 0.09 |
| 3–4 | 72.00 (18/25) | 28.00 (7/25) | 1.88 (0.65–5.43) | 0.24 | 0.99 (0.19–4.87) | 0.99 |
| ≥5 | 72.22 (13/18) | 27.78 (5/18) | 1.86 (0.57–6.14) | 0.31 | 1.16 (0.17–7.76) | 0.88 |
| Frequency of hospitalization in 12 months | ||||||
| 0 | 88.10 (74/84) | 11.90 (10/84) | Ref | Ref | ||
| 1 | 84.44 (38/45) | 15.56 (7/45) | 1.36 (0.480–3.87) | 0.56 | 0.54 (0.12–2.30) | 0.40 |
| 2 | 75.00 (18/24) | 25.00 (6/24) | 2.47 (0.79–7.68) | 0.12 | 0.62 (0.09–4.50) | 0.63 |
| 3 | 100.00 (10/10) | 0.00 (0/0) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| ≥4 | 46.67 (7/15) | 53.33 (8/15) | 8.46 (2.52–28.37) | 0.001 | 0.45 (0.03–6.68) | 0.57 |
| Ever been hemotransfused | ||||||
| No | 94.74 (72/76) | 5.26 (4/76) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 73.53 (75/102) | 26.47 (27/102) | 6.48 (2.16–19.44) | 0.001 | 8.72 (1.89–30.19) | 0.006 |
| History chronic hemotransfusion | ||||||
| No | 89.93 (134/149) | 10.07 (15/149) | ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 44.83 (13/29) | 55.17 (16/29) | 10.99 (4.45–27.20) | <0.001 | 11.41 (3.11–30.85) | <0.001 |
| Frequency of hemotransfusion in the last 12 months | ||||||
| 0 | 86.99 (107/123) | 13.01 (16/123) | Ref | Ref | ||
| 1–2 | 90.91 (30/33) | 9.09 (3/33) | 2.35 (0.76–7.25) | 0.14 | 0.31 (0.50–1.86) | 0.20 |
| ≥3 | 45.46 (10/22) | 54.54 (12/22) | 8.03 (2.98–21.60) | <0.001 | 1.79 (0.27–11.95) | 0.55 |
| Hydroxyurea initiated | ||||||
| No | 79.11 (53/67) | 20.89 (14/67) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 84.69 (94/111) | 15.31 (17/111) | 0.69 (0.31–1.49) | 0.34 | 0.18 (0.06–0.62) | 0.006 |
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.