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. 2022 Nov 6;11(11):2195. doi: 10.3390/antiox11112195

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Kidney and liver damage markers in the four groups of rats studied: Sham, Sham + curcumin (ShamC), five-sixths nephrectomy (5/6Nx), and 5/6Nx + curcumin (5/6NxC). (A) Plasma creatinine (n = 11), (B) Kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1, n = 3), (C) Kidney transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ, n = 3), (D) Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT, n = 11), (E) Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST, n = 11), (F) Liver TGFβ (n = 3) and (G) representative images of western blot. β-actin was used as a loading control. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc Tukey, Mean ± SD. ^$ p < 0.05 vs. Sham, ^& p < 0.05 vs. ShamC, ^# p < 0.05 vs. 5/6Nx. K-TGFβ = kidney TGFβ and L-TGFβ = liver TGFβ.