Table 4.
Effects of different evaporative cooling regimens and the use or absence of PE on the feed behavior of lactating Holstein cows (n = 8).
| CT | PE | p Value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R5 | R10 | R5 | R10 | SEM | Adit | Cool | Adit × Cool | |
| Eating | ||||||||
| min/visit | 25.7 a | 19.0 b | 21.6 a,b | 22.3 a,b | 0.75 | 0.8028 | 0.0449 | 0.0165 |
| min/day | 703 | 615 | 805 | 682 | 34.0 | 0.2280 | 0.1356 | 0.7900 |
| Visits, no/day * | 27.5 | 32.7 | 36.8 | 32.0 | 2.32 | 0.3773 | 0.9617 | 0.3111 |
| Latency, min ** | 15.6 | 13.2 | 13.8 | 21.0 | 1.58 | 0.3414 | 0.4437 | 0.1349 |
CT = control treatment; PE = pepper extract; R5 = sprinkler cycles of 30 s on and 4.5 min off; R10 = sprinkler cycles of 30 s on and 9.5 min off (R10); SEM = standard error of mean; Adit = use of PE as additive; Cool = evaporative cooling regimens; Adit × Clim = interaction between cooling regimens and PE; * counted as a visit only when cow spent more than 30 s on the feed bunk; ** latency represents the time (minutes) between PE consumption and drinking water. Means followed by different letters in the line are different at the 5% level.