Table 1.
Proximate chemical composition of the experimental diets (% on a dry weight basis).
| Ingredients | SDBH0 | SDBH2.5 | SDBH5 | SDBH7.5 | SDBH10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yellow corn 1 | 22 | 22 | 22.5 | 23.45 | 24.4 |
| Fish meal 2, 70.7% CP | 20 | 17.5 | 15 | 12.5 | 10 |
| SDBH 3 | 0 | 2.5 | 5 | 7.5 | 10 |
| Soybean meal 4, 49% CP | 26 | 26 | 24.45 | 23 | 21.5 |
| Wheat flour | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Corn gluten 5, 67% CP | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Fish oil | 7 | 7 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| Wheat bran | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 |
| Methionine | 0 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.1 |
| Vitamins and minerals mixture | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Proximate composition (%) | |||||
| Crude Protein | 35.86 | 36.39 | 36.23 | 36.13 | 36.06 |
| Fat | 10.92 | 10.68 | 10.93 | 10.71 | 10.48 |
| NFE 6 | 43.13 | 43.2 | 43.67 | 44.53 | 45.39 |
| Crude fiber | 3.47 | 3.46 | 3.36 | 3.28 | 3.19 |
| Ash | 6.6 | 6.24 | 5.78 | 5.34 | 4.89 |
| Lysine | 2.07 | 2.17 | 2.22 | 2.28 | 2.34 |
| Methionine | 0.75 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.69 | 0.7 |
| GE MJ/kg 7 | 20.85 | 20.90 | 21.02 | 21.04 | 21.06 |
1 Ukrainian yellow corn, Flexs Trading LLC, Odessa, Ukraine. 2 Argentinean Fish Meal by Coomarpes Ltd. Mar del Plata, Argentina. 3 Spray-dried bovine hemoglobin powder, ACTIPRO® 95 BHS, Zwevezele, Belgium. Chemical composition of SDBH (% on dry matter basis): Crude protein 92%, ash 4%, fat 0.4%, Crude fiber 0.5%, Calcium 0.02%, Phosphorus 0.3%, Nitrogen free extract 3.1%. 4 US Soybean Meal, AG Food Commodities, Washington, DC, USA. 5 US Corn Gluten, Global Elaion Trading LLC, Belcamp, MD, USA. 6 Nitrogen free extract, determined by difference = 100 − (protein %+ fat %+ crude fiber %+ ash %). 7 Gross energy (GE) was estimated as 17.0 KJ/g NFE, 39.5 KJ/g lipids, and 23.6 KJ/g protein [5]. CP: crude protein.