IGF-1	Insulin-like growth factor 1
IGF-2	Insulin-like growth factor 2
ECM	Extracellular matrix
IR	Insulin receptor
IGF-1R	Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1
IGF-2R	Insulin-like growth factor receptor 2
DMRs	Differentially methylated regions
ICR	Imprinting control region
CTCF	CCCTC-binding factor
BWS	Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome
RSS	Russell–Silver syndrome
CI-MPR	Cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor
CD-MPR	Cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor
GSK3	Glycogen synthase kinase 3
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
Akt	Protein kinase B
IRS	Insulin receptor substrates
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
ERK	Extracellular-regulated protein kinase
c-fos	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit
c-jun	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
HER2 (ERB2)	Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2
HER (ERBB3)	Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3
SSc	Systemic sclerosis
IPF	Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
JNK (MAPK8)	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8
AP-1	Activator protein 1
ATF-2	Activating transcription factor 2
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
Ang II	Angiotensin II
TIMP	Tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease
Gaq (GNAQ)	G protein subunit alpha q
PLC-β	Phospholipase C beta
PA	Plasminogen activator
CaMKIIδ	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
HSC	Hepatic stellate cell
CCl4	Carbon tetrachloride
2-FAA	2-fluorenylacetamide
α-SMA	α-smooth muscle actin
CKD	Chronic kidney disease
CTGF	Connective tissue growth factor
BMP	Bone morphogenetic protein
PDGF	Platelet-derived growth factor
OSF	Oral submucosal fibrosis