Table 3.
Diagnostic performance assessment of sole and combined EU TIRADS and SWE indices based on all nodules, equivocal cytology, and size stratification.
| Nodule Category |
Diagnostic Test | Optimal Cut-Off | SEN (%) | SPEC (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | AUROC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | EU | 5 | 84.4 | 51.9 | 49.4 | 85.7 | 0.69 |
| TMean (kPa) | 19.3 | 51.1 *** | 77.8 *** | 56.1 | 74.1 | 0.65 | |
| LMean (kPa) | 28.2 | 42.2 *** | 88.9 *** | 67.9 | 73.5 | 0.65 | |
| TSD (kPa) | 10.5 | 51.1 *** | 76.5 *** | 54.8 | 73.8 | 0.64 | |
| LMin (kPa) | 4.7 | 53.3 *** | 76.5 *** | 55.8 | 74.7 | 0.66 | |
| EU + TMean | 48.9 *** | 82.7 *** | 61.1 | 74.4 | 0.66 | ||
| EU + LMean | 40.0 *** | 92.6 *** | 75.0 | 73.5 | 0.66 | ||
| EU + TSD | 51.1 *** | 84.0 *** | 63.9 | 75.6 | 0.68 | ||
| EU + LMin | 51.1 *** | 77.8 *** | 56.1 | 74.1 | 0.64 | ||
| Size 1–2 cm | EU | 5 | 88.9 | 55.9 | 51.6 | 90.5 | 0.72 |
| TMean (kPa) | 25.6 | 50.0 *** | 94.1 *** | 81.8 | 78.0 | 0.70 | |
| TMax (kPa) | 50.2 | 61.1 ** | 73.5 ** | 55.0 | 78.1 | 0.68 | |
| TSD (kPa) | 8.7 | 77.8 | 64.7 | 53.9 | 84.6 | 0.72 | |
| LMean (kPa) | 23.4 | 66.7 * | 79.4 ** | 75.0 | 83.3 | 0.72 | |
| EU + TMean | 44.4 *** | 94.1 *** | 80.0 | 76.2 | 0.69 | ||
| EU + TMax | 55.6 *** | 82.4 *** | 62.5 | 77.8 | 0.69 | ||
| EU + TSD | 72.2 | 76.5 ** | 61.9 | 83.9 | 0.74 | ||
| EU + LMean | 61.1 ** | 85.3 *** | 68.8 | 80.6 | 0.73 | ||
| Size > 2 cm | EU | 5 | 85.7 | 62.5 | 40.0 | 93.8 | 0.73 |
| TSD (kPa) | 10.7 | 71.4 | 83.3 ** | 55.6 | 90.9 | 0.77 | |
| EU + TSD | 71.4 | 95.8 ** | 83.3 | 92.0 | 0.84 | ||
| Equivocal | EU | 5 | 80.0 | 37.8 | 34.3 | 82.4 | 0.58 |
| LMin (kPa) | 6.1 | 60.0 * | 78.4 *** | 52.9 | 82.9 | 0.64 | |
| EU + LMin | 60.0 * | 83.4 *** | 60.0 | 83.8 | 0.72 * |
EU = European TIRADS, TMean = transverse Mean, LMean = longitudinal Mean, LMin = longitudinal Minimum, TMax = transverse Maximum, TSD = transverse Standard deviation, kPa = kiloPascals, *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001 relative to EU TIRADS.