Table 3.

Selection of differentially expressed HIF-1/2 targets upregulated at 5% O₂.

Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Role	Log2FC	Refs. †
LNCaP
VEGFA *	Vascular endothelial growth factor A	Promotes angiogenesis	1.68	[31]
ADM	Adrenomedullin	Vasodilator peptide	1.62	[32]
CALCRL	Calcitonin receptor like receptor	G protein-coupled receptor related to the calcitonin receptor; enables adrenomedullin binding activity	1.63	[33]
ADORA2A *	Adenosine A2a receptor	Activates adenylyl cyclase, inducing cAMP signaling	2.19	[34]
NDUFA4L2 **	NDUFA4, mitochondrial complex associated like 2	Complex I subunit; shown to decrease O2 consumption	3.26	[35]
PLOD2 **	Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2	Catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysyl residues in collagen-like peptides	7.79	[36]
LOX	Lysyl oxidase	Facilitates the crosslinking of collagens and elastin	1.60	[37]
CP **	Ceruloplasmin	Involved in Cu transport	3.28	[38]
TF	Transferrin	Involved in Fe transport	6.37	[39]
PMAIP1	Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1	Pro-apoptotic protein	1.18	[40]
ENG	Endoglin	Auxiliary receptor for the TGF-β receptor complex	1.43	[41]
STC2	Stanniocalcin 2	May have autocrine and paracrine functions; may be involved in Ca2+ and phosphate transport and metabolism	1.19	[42]
GPX8	Glutathione peroxidase 8	Catalyzes reduction of hydrogen and alkyl peroxides	1.19	[43]
CXCL12	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Chemoattractant cytokine	1.67	[44]
Huh-7
SLC2A3 **	Solute carrier family 2 member 3 (GLUT3)	Selectively transports glucose into the cytosol	5.74	[45]
SLC2A14 **	Solute carrier family 2 member 14 (GLUT14)	Transports glucose into the cytosol	2.64	[46]
HKDC1	Hexokinase domain containing 1	Novel member of the hexokinase family, involved in glucose metabolism	1.51	[47]
PCK1	Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Catalyzes conversion of PEP to oxaloacetate during gluconeogenesis	1.49	[48]
ENO2	Enolase 2	Catalyzes conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to PEP during glycolysis	1.38	[49]
COX4I2	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2	Complex IV subunit; regulates efficiency of electron transport and O2 consumption	6.04	[50]
CP **	Ceruloplasmin	Involved in Cu transport	1.84	[38]
LOXL2 *	Lysyl oxidase like 2	Facilitates the crosslinking of collagens and elastin	1.66	[37]
LOXL4 **	Lysyl oxidase like 4	Facilitates the crosslinking of collagens and elastin	1.93	[51]
P4HA2	Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 2	Catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyproline during collagen synthesis	1.14	[36]
PLOD2	Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2	Catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysyl residues in collagen-like peptides	1.08	[36]
NPPB **	Natriuretic peptide B	Hormone that mediates natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation	2.05	[52]
EPO *	Erythropoietin	Promotes erythropoiesis	1.45	[53]
PDGFB **	Platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Potent mitogen and chemoattractant, promotes angiogenesis	2.06	[54]
CXCL6	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6	Chemoattractant cytokine	1.21	[55]
IGFBP1 **	Insulin like growth factor binding protein 1	Binds insulin-like growth factors, promotes migration and metabolism	2.66	[56]
TXNIP **	Thioredoxin interacting protein	Binds to and inhibits thioredoxin	2.73	[57]
NDRG1 *	N-myc downstream regulated 1	Involved in p53-mediated caspase activation and apoptosis	1.53	[58]
PTPRR *	Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R	Membrane receptor, regulates cell cycle, differentiation and oncogenesis	1.94	[59]
NR4A3 *	Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3	Nuclear receptor and transcriptional activator	6.86	[60]
EGLN3	egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 3 (PHD-3)	Catalyzes hydroxylation of HIFs for subsequent degradation	2.27	[61]
TFF2	Trefoil factor 2	May stabilize the mucus layer and affect healing of the epithelium	1.19	[62]
HEY1	Hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1	Transcriptional repressor; inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis in HCC	1.06	[63]
PC-3
SLC2A9	Solute carrier family 2 member 9 (GLUT9)	Transports glucose into the cytosol	5.73	[64]
PDK1	Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1	Phosphorylates and inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex	1.03	[65]
CA9	Carbonic anhydrase 9	Catalyzes interconversion between CO2 and H2O into carbonic acid	1.98	[66]
TERT	Telomerase reverse transcriptase	Mediates extension and replenishment of telomeres	1.98	[67]
TH	Tyrosine hydroxylase	Catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to dopamine	1.09	[68]
BNIP3	BCL2 interacting protein 3	Pro-apoptotic factor	1.02	[69]
IL33	Interleukin 33	Proinflammatory cytokine	1.38	[70]
PPP1R3C	Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C	Subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 complex; modulates glycogen metabolism	6.37	[71]
SH-SY5Y
IGF2	Insulin like growth factor 2	Promotes growth and proliferation	1.74	[72]
PPP1R3C	Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C	Subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 complex; modulates glycogen metabolism	1.01	[71]
ABCB6	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6	ABC transporter; plays a role in porphyrin transport	1.25	[73]
TRIM29	Tripartite motif containing 29	Transcriptional regulatory factor involved in carcinogenesis and/or differentiation	2.78	[74]

* p_adj < 0.05, ** p_adj < 0.005, otherwise p < 0.05. Abbreviations: ABC, ATP-binding cassette; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; BCL2, B-cell lymphoma 2; GLUT, glucose transporter; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HIF; hypoxia-inducible factor; OMM, outer mitochondrial membrane; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PHD-3, prolyl hydroxylase 3; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta. ^† References identifying the gene as a HIF-1/2 target.