Table 7.

COVID-19 detection method comparisons.

Detection Method	Sample Medium	Average Specificity and/or Sensitivity	Reference
RT-PCR	Nasopharyngeal swab	98% sensitivity 100% specificity	[54]
	Saliva	69% sensitivity 100% specificity	[54]
Antigen test	Nasal swab	72.1% sensitivity 98.7% specificity	[55]
	Nasopharyngeal	65.7% sensitivity 100% specificity	[56]
Canine screening	Breath— face masks	83.1% sensitivity 88.6% specificity	[57]
	Face masks and clothes	86% sensitivity 92.9% specificity	[19]
	Skin swab	92% sensitivity 91% specificity	[58]
	Axillary sweat	97% sensitivity 91% specificity	[44]
	Axillary sweat	89.6% sensitivity 83.9%specificity	[57]
	Body odor—T-shirts (including axillary sweat)	63% sensitivity 90% specificity	Current study
HS-SPME-GC-MS	Body odor—T-shirts (including axillary sweat)	100% sensitivity 100% specificity	Current study
SPME-GC-MS	Blood serum	94% sensitivity 83% specificity	[59]
Quartz microbalance	Blood serum	94% sensitivity 80% specificity	[59]
Colorimetric paper sensor	Breath	78.3% sensitivity 83.6% specificity	[60]