Table 4.

Summary of methods used to originate 3D structures from patient derived cells.

Hanging Drop	Forced Floating	Bioreactor	Others
Zietarska et al. (4 days)	Griffon et al. (4–5 days)	Grun et al. (3–4 weeks)	Loessner et al. (hydrogel system; 2 weeks)
Ouellet et al. (3 days)	Sonoda et al. (7 days)		Maru et al. (hydrogel-based sandwich method; 5 days)
Létourneau et al. (4 days)	Puiffe et al. (4 days)
Fleury et al. (5–7 days)	Zhang et al. (11–14 days)
Raghavan et al. (7 days)	Kryczek et al. (1–6 weeks)
	Liao et al. (3 weeks early culture- > dissociation and replating fornightly)
	Rafehi et al. (72 h)
	He et al. (14 days)
	Martinez-Serrano et al. (average 28 days)
	Shuford et al. (24–72 h)
	Nelson et al. (2–4 days)
	Vader et al.
	Basten et al.
	Mikkonen et al.
	Nanki et al.
	Park et al. (7 days)
	Noguchi et al. (4 days)
	Hedemann et al. (4 days)
	Huang et al.
	Silva et al. (72 h)
	Parashar et al. (7 days)