Figure 13.

Schematic of human bone marrow-on-a-chip (hBM-on-a-chip) presented by Nelson et al. to investigate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell behaviour and reaction to pathological stimulus. (a) The developed chip can mimic endosteal BM niche and central perivascular BM niche, which are present in long bones. OB = osteoblasts and mineralized bone-like tissue layer; MSC = mesenchymal or marrow stromal cells, including pericytes; stromal cells = other cells of the BM stroma including CXCL12-abundant reticular cells (CAR), matured hematopoietic cells, and adipose cells; HSPC = hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells; FN = fibronectin; LN = laminin, col I and IV = collagen I and collagen IV; OP = osteopontin; Jag-1 = Jagged 1. (b) Soft lithography was utilized to fabricate a 5-channel PDMS microfluidic platform. An endosteal layer was formed in the central channel with differentiation of MSCs for 21 days. After this, HSPCs, HUVECs, and MSCs were loaded and seeded on top of the endosteal layer for vasculogenesis. Reprinted with permission from ref. [363], Copyright 2021, Elsevier.