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. 2022 Nov 11;11(22):3573. doi: 10.3390/cells11223573

Figure 2.

Figure 2

SGs and PBs actively participate in the degradation of oxidized RNA during oxidative stress. Following oxidative stress, the translation of some mRNA in cells is inhibited. On the one hand, the stress-induced phosphorylation of eIF2α inhibits translation initiation, and assembly of the stalled 48S initiation complex promotes the formation and aggregation of SGs. A large amount of RNA that has paused translation is sequestered in the SGs. SGs’ core component G3BP1 relieves the inhibition of USP10. ROS activates ATM and promotes the phosphorylation of USP10, triggering the antioxidant response. On the other hand, the stress-induced PBs mediate the RNA degradation. SGs and PBs dock, and RNA without oxidative damage can be re-translated under stress conditions. However, oxidized RNA is recognized by the YB-1 protein and transferred to PBs for degradation. Created with BioRender.com (accessed on 19 October 2022).