Table 4.
IL-12 in combination with other therapeutic reagents.
| Year | Reagents | Treatments | Objects | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | Cisplatin | IL-12 plasmid with cisplatin | Murine B16F10 melanoma | No significant improvement | [58] |
| 2012 | VEGFR-2 | T cells cotransduced with an anti-VEGFR- 2 CAR and a constitutively expressed single-chain murine IL-12 or an inducible IL-12 gene after host lymphodepletion | Murine B16F10 melanoma model | Tumor growth↓ CD11b+Gr1+ cells↓ |
[63] |
| 2016 | shVEGF | Oncolytic adenovirus co-expressing IL-12 and VEGF-shRNA | Murine B16F10 melanoma model | Tumor growth↓ CD4+, CD8+ T cells↑, NK cells and DCs↑ |
[62] |
| 2017 | TGF-β inhibitor | IL-12 plasmid and SB-505124 | Murine B16F10 melanoma model | Tumor growth↓ CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells↑ |
[66] |
| 2021 | GLA formulated in a stable emulsion | IL-12 plasmid and GLA-SE | Murine B16F10 melanoma model | Tumor growth↓, CD8+ T cells↑ |
[67] |
| 2022 | Membrane- anchored anti-CD3 |
Electroporation of IL-12 and membrane-anchored anti-CD3 plasmids | Patients with unresectable, stage III/IV melanomas | Restored the function of TIL isolated from a patient with melanoma actively progressing on PD-1 blockage | [65] |
GLA: glucopyranosyl lipid A; ↓: decreased; ↑: increased.