Table 1.
General characteristics of the population divided into three groups according to the hemodynamic status during the first five days of life: no hemodynamic impairment (NoHI group), isolated high blood pressure (HighBP group), and cardiac failure (CF group). Data are presented as median values and 1st and 3rd quartiles or n (%). * Outcomes calculated in survivors.
| NoHI | HighBP | CF | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 15 | n = 12 | n = 15 | ||||
| Pregnancy | ||||||
| Threatened preterm labor, n (%) | 3 | (20) | 3 | (25) | 2 | (13) |
| Prenatal death of the donor twin, n (%) | 8 | (53) | 1 | (8) | 0 | (0) |
| Gestational diabetes, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (8) | 1 | (7) |
| Pre-eclampsia, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (8) | 0 | (0) |
| Premature rupture of membranes, n (%) | 2 | (13) | 2 | (17) | 0 | (0) |
| Antenatal corticosteroid therapy, n (%) | 9 | (60) | 10 | (83) | 10 | (67) |
| Birth | ||||||
| Gestational age, median (Q1–Q3) | 33 | (32–34) | 29 | (28–30) | 29 | (28–31) |
| Male, n (%) | 5 | (33) | 7 | (58) | 7 | (47) |
| Weight (g), median (Q1–Q3) | 1800 | (1665–2082) | 1293 | (1168–1533) | 1265 | (1150–1607) |
| Weight (percentile), median (Q1–Q3) | 53 | (31–77) | 71 | (55–79) | 66 | (34–75) |
| % difference of weight with the twin, median (Q1–Q3) | 20.1 | (8.7–28) | 22.8 | (11.8–30.1) | 18.2 | (12.9–22.8) |
| APGAR score | ||||||
| 1 min, median (Q1–Q3) | 8 | (8–9) | 6 | (4–8) | 5 | (2–6) |
| 5 min, median (Q1–Q3) | 10 | (9–10) | 9 | (8–9) | 8 | (4–9) |
| Umbilical cord pH, median (Q1–Q3) | 7.36 | (7.31–7.39) | 7.37 | (7.36–7.39) | 7.30 | (7.26–7.37) |
| Hemodynamic morbidity | ||||||
| High systolic blood pressure, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 12 | (100) | 15 | (100) |
| Ventricular hypertrophy, n (%) | 2/11 | (33) | 12 | (100) | 15 | (100) |
| Patent ductus arteriosus requiring treatment, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (7) |
| Other neonatal morbidities | ||||||
| Hemodilution, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (8) | 4/15 | (27) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, n (%) * | 0 | (0) | 2 | (17) | 1/9 | (11) |
| Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (>2), n (%) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (8) | 3/15 | (20) |
| Periventricular leukomalacia, n (%) * | 0 | (0) | 1 | (8) | 4/9 | (44) |
| Secondary sepsis, n (%) * | 2 | (13) | 2 | (17) | 4/9 | (44) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis, n (%) * | 1 | (7) | 1 | (8) | 0/9 | (0) |
| Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 3 | (25) | 14/15 | (93) |
| Death | ||||||
| Death in the first five days of life, n (%) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 6 | (40) |
| Age at death (hours), median (Q1–Q3) | 47 | (26–65) | ||||