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. 2022 Nov 8;11(22):3545. doi: 10.3390/foods11223545

Table 3.

Change in weight (kg), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm), waist/hip ratio, and body mass index between groups.

Parameters Baseline Day 30 Day 60 Day 90
Group A Group B Group A Group B Group A Group B Group A Group B
Weight (kg) 64.963 ± 9.861 66.993 ± 8.308 64.250 ± 9.669 66.160 ± 8.460 63.807 ± 9.838 64.583 ± 8.267 63.067 ± 9.791 63.600 ± 8.071
p value (between groups)
p value (within group)
0.392 0.419 0.742
0.0004 **
0.819
Weight difference (kg) from baseline 0.713 ± 0.606 0.833 ± 1.475 1.157 ± 0.716 2.410 ± 3.313 1.897 ± 1.739 3.393 ± 2.688
p value (between groups) 0.682 0.047 * 0.013 *
Weight difference % 1.081 ± 0.922 1.276 ± 2.393 1.824 ± 1.297 3.540 ± 4.427 2.936 ± 2.771 5.037 ± 3.650
p value (between groups) 0.679 0.046 * 0.015 *
Waist circumference (cm) 88.533 ± 7.637 88.567 ± 6.755 87.000 ± 7.579 86.833 ± 6.721 86.200 ± 7.595 85.967 ± 6.392 84.633 ± 9.779 84.167 ± 6.385
p value (between groups)
p value (within group)
0.986 0.929 0.898
<0.0001 **
0.828
Waist circumference difference (cm) from baseline 1.533 ± 1.358 1.733 ± 1.946 2.333 ± 1.882 2.600 ± 2.824 3.900 ± 5.744 4.400 ± 2.283
p value (between groups) 0.646 0.668 0.659
Waist circumference difference % 1.724 ± 1.519 1.941 ± 2.150 2.626 ± 2.060 2.870 ± 3.197 4.462 ± 7.042 4.931 ± 2.432
p value (between groups) 0.654 0.727 0.731
Hip circumference (cm) 97.333 ± 7.373 99.867 ± 5.070 96.167 ± 6.859 98.567 ± 4.876 95.700 ± 6.737 97.167 ± 4.800 94.900 ± 6.599 97.133 ± 4.897
p value (between group)
p value (within group)
0.126 0.124 0.336
<0.0001 **
0.142
Hip circumference difference (cm) from baseline 1.167 ± 1.642 1.300 ± 2.020 1.633 ± 2.748 2.700 ± 2.351 2.433 ± 1.995 2.733 ± 2.703
p value (between groups) 0.780 0.112 0.627
Hip circumference difference % 1.156 ± 1.617 1.277 ± 1.983 1.608 ± 2.729 2.672 ± 2.237 2.441 ± 1.887 2.703 ± 2.588
p value (between groups) 0.797 0.104 0.656
Waist/hip ratio 0.905 ± 0.058 * 0.882 ± 0.052 0.899 ± 0.046 0.878 ± 0.050 0.896 ± 0.053 0.880 ± 0.048 0.900 ± 0.050 0.862 ± 0.045
p value (between groups) 0.118 0.098 0.244 0.003*
Waist/hip ratio difference from baseline 0.005 ± 0.034 0.004 ± 0.016 0.009 ± 0.037 0.002 ± 0.027 0.005 ± 0.037 0.020 ± 0.023
p value (between groups) 0.809 0.387 0.052
Waist/hip ratio difference % 0.456 ± 3.648 0.388 ± 1.785 0.885 ± 3.972 0.119 ± 3.105 0.389 ± 4.049 2.240 ± 2.524
p value (between groups) 0.927 0.409 0.038 *
BMI (kg/m2) 24.01 ± 2.271 24.674 ± 2.023 23.751 ± 2.259 24.376 ± 2.283 23.578 ± 2.311 23.822 ± 2.476 23.323 ± 2.461 23.447 ± 2.301
p value (between groups) 0.24 0.29 0.69 0.84

BMI: Body mass index. All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. * p values significant depicting the comparison between Groups A and B (between-groups independent sample t-test). ** p values significant depicting the comparison between Group B and the baseline (within Group B paired t-test).