Table 1.

Assignments of some characteristic bands in Raman and SERS spectra of three tested pesticides.

Analyte	Raman/cm−1	SERS/cm−1	Assignments
thiram	557 973	558 (m) 925 (w)	ν(S−S) ν(CH3N); ν(C=S)
	1149	1147 (m)	ρ(CH3); ν(C−N)
	1374 1396 1455	1384 (s) 1443 (w) 1513 (m)	δs(CH3); ν(C−N) δas(CH3) ν(C−N); δ(CH3); ρ(CH3)
malathion	716 824 858 1096	709 (b, w) 815 (m) 862 (s) 1094 (m)	ν(P=S); ν(P−O) γ(C−H) νs(C−O−C) ν(C−C)
	1164 1452 1736	1144 (w) 1444 (m) 1726 (m)	ν(P−S) νs(C−O) ν(C=C)
phoxim	750 999	758 (b, m) 995 (m)	ν(P=S) γ(C−H)
	1098 1182	1092 (w) 1178 (w)	γ(C−H) γ(C−H)
	1302 1446 1555 1597	1264 (w) 1437 (m) 1502 (s) 1591 (m)	δs(CH3) νas(CH3) ν(C6H5) ν(C6H5)

b—broad; s—strong; m—middle; w—weak; ν—stretching; δ—bending; ρ—rocking; γ—out-of-plane bending; ν_s—symmetric stretching; ν_as—asymmetric stretching; δ_s—symmetric bending; δ_as—asymmetric bending.