Table 3.
Meta-analyses reporting indoor UVR tanning and risk of keratinocyte carcinoma. Available results by age group and dose/frequency of sunbed use are shown.
| Reference (Years of Included Studies) | n Studies | n Cases Overall | KC Studied | Ever Indoor Tanning (vs. Never) RR (95% CI) |
Annual Frequency of Indoor Tanning (Times) RR (95% CI) |
Early Age at First Use of Indoor Tanning (Years) RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| An, 2021 [37] (Up to 2021) | 18 | 10,406 | KC | 1.40 (1.18–1.65) |
<10: 1.32 (1.14–1.52)
≥10: 1.56 (1.31–1.86) |
<20: 2.02 (1.44–2.83)
≥20: 1.48 (1.31–1.68) |
| 4 | 1410 | KC < 50 y | 1.81 (1.38–2.37) | - | - | |
| 9 | 2528 | cSCC | 1.58 (1.38–1.81) |
<10: 1.46 (1.24–1.71)
≥10: 1.65 (1.30–2.10) |
<20: 1.89 (0.90–3.98) ≥20: 1.53 (1.26–1.85) |
|
| 1 | 131 | cSCC < 50 y | 1.99 (1.48–2.68) | - | - | |
| 10 | 7643 | BCC | 1.24 (1.00–1.55) |
<10: 1.29 (1.01–1.65)
≥10: 1.46 (1.28–1.66) |
<20: 1.86 (1.44–2.41)
≥20: 1.51 (1.19–1.92) |
|
| 3 | 1049 | BCC < 50 y | 1.79 (1.15–2.77) | - | - | |
| Boniol, 2012 [18] (1981–2012) | 5 | 1242 | cSCC | 2.23 (1.39–3.570) | - | - |
| 6 | 6995 | BCC | 1.09 (1.01–1.18) | - | - | |
| Wehner, 2012 [40] (1985–2012) | 12 | 9328 | KC | - | - | - |
| 6 | - | cSCC | 1.67 (1.29–2.17) | - | Young: 2.02 (0.70–5.86) | |
| 8 | - | BCC | 1.29 (1.08–1.53) | High: 1.50 (0.81–2.77) | Young: 1.40 (1.29–1.52) | |
| IARC, 2007 [41] (1979–2005) | 3 | - | cSCC | 2.25 (1.08–4.70) | - | - |
| 4 | - | BCC | 1.03 (0.56–1.90) | - | - |
UVR: ultraviolet radiation, n: number, KC: keratinocyte carcinoma consisting of cSCC and BCC, also termed as nonmelanoma skin cancer), cSCC: cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, BCC: basal cell carcinoma, y: years old. RR: relative risk, 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. (-): not reported data. Statistically significant results are shown in bold.