FIG. 1.

Using tabletop blast device to deliver controlled high-frequency pressure wave injury. (A) Pallial and subpallial spheroids were generated from pluripotent stem cells and grown for 40 days before fusing to form a cerebral organoid. Fused organoids were maintained for another 20 days to allow subpallial neurons to migrate and integrate into complex neural networks. At 60 days, organoids were loaded into blast chamber and exposed to pressure waves. Multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings performed made 1 h and 24 h after. (B) Representative image of a fused organoid labeled with TUJ1 to visualizes complex neural networks. Dashed box indicates magnified region on the right side of the panel. (C) Image of organoids loaded in blast chamber. (D) Representative pressure waveform from 3000 Hz frequency that reaches 250 kPa amplitude. (E) Image of organoid plated onto MEA. (F) Representative trace of raw signal derived from a single channel of the MEA. Color image is available online.