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. 2022 Nov 10;19(22):14755. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192214755

Table 7.

Explanatory variables for decreasing volunteering time in the time of COVID-19 (yes), logistic regression.

MODEL 1 MODEL 2 MODEL 3 MODEL 4
OR p OR p OR p OR p
Motivational functions
Values 0.77 0.361 0.80 0.457 1.00 0.992
Understanding 1.36 0.317 1.38 0.299 1.69 0.165
Enhancement 1.06 0.818 1.01 0.972 0.93 0.854
Social 0.65 0.064 0.60 0.038 * 0.57 0.052
Protective 0.91 0.710 0.96 0.896 0.66 0.179
Career 0.82 0.364 0.82 0.401 0.91 0.717
Experience of COVID-19
I have had COVID-19 0.63 0.333 0.56 0.266 0.28 0.052
A family member has had COVID-19 0.73 0.372 0.93 0.862 0.90 0.830
An acquaintance has had COVID-19 0.58 0.075 0.61 0.137 0.62 0.230
Control variables
Age 1.06 0.102
Gender (ref. Male)
Female 1.21 0.634
Marital status (ref. Married/cohabiting)
Single/separated/divorced 0.74 0.594
Widowed 6.53 0.004 **
Educational level (ref. Low)
Intermediate 0.76 0.539
high 0.62 0.413
Volunteering frequency (ref. Twice a week or more often)
Once a week 2.15 0.079
Once every two weeks 3.25 0.059
Once a month or less often 5.41 0.022 **
Informal family elder care (ref. No)
Yes 1.33 0.621

* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.