Table 1.

Clinically established cancer biomarkers.

Cancer Type	Biomarker	Reference
Breast	ER	[20]
	PgR	[20]
	HER2	[20]
	Ki-67	[10]
	BRCA1/2 mutation	[15]
Colorectal	CEA	[14]
Bladder	BTA	[21]
	NMP22	[21]
	BladderCheck Test	[21]
Lung	EarlyCDT-Lung	[22]
	CEA	[22]
	CYFRA21-1	[22]
	ProGRP	[22]
Prostate	PSA	[14]
Ovarian	CA125	[1]
	BRCA1/2 mutation	[15]
	HE4	[1]

ER: estrogen receptor; PgR: progesterone receptor; HER2: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; CEA: Carcinoembryonic Antigen; BTA: Bladder Tumour Antigen; NMP22: Nuclear Matrix Protein 22; CYFRA21-1: cytokeratin 19 fragment; ProGRP: Progastrin-releasing peptide; PSA: Prostate Specific Antigen; CA125: Cancer Antigen 125; HE4: Human Epididymis Protein 4.