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. 2022 Nov 10;19(22):14750. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192214750

Table 1.

Anthropometric and physiological variables and physical activity and sleep habits differences between low academic performance group (LAPG) and high academic performance group (HAPG).

95% Confidence
Variables LAPG HAPG T p-Value Lower Upper
Grade 3.72 ± 0.91 6.57 ± 1.03 −23.52 <0.01 −3.08 −2.60
Height (cm) 176.37 ± 8.05 176.2 ± 7.31 0.177 0.860 −1.71 2.04
Weight (kg) 73.95 ± 11.17 73.92 ± 11.67 0.018 0.986 −2.76 2.81
Body mass index (kg/m2) 23.70 ± 2.81 23.72 ± 3.03 −0.036 0.971 −0.73 0.70
Physical activity
(hours per week)
7.71 ± 4.58 7.74 ± 4.27 −0.06 0.953 −1.11 1.04
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 116.20 ± 19.23 114.67 ± 19.88 0.625 0.533 −3.30 6.38
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 72.44 ± 14.27 67.48 ± 13.50 2.84 <0.01 1.52 8.40
VO2 max (mL/kg/min) 40.32 ± 6.07 47.91 ± 6.89 −9.313 <0.01 −9.19 −5.98
Time to fall asleep
(min)
28.24 ± 26.16 24.22 ± 23.14 0.826 0.411 −5.64 13.69
Estimated hours of sleep 7.08 ± 1.03 7.42 ± 1.10 −1.567 0.120 −0.76 0.09
Insomnia caused by not falling asleep 1.17 ± 0.89 1.32 ± 0.93 −0.83 0.408 −0.516 0.211
Insomnia caused by night waking 1.05 ± 0.97 1.02 ± 0.97 0.17 0.864 −0.352 0.42
Insomnia caused by incontinence 0.93 ± 1.03 0.83 ± 0.97 0.482 0.631 −0.3 0.490
Insomnia caused by breathing problems 0.37 ± 0.8 0.13 ± 0.42 2.02 0.046 0.005 0.477
Insomnia caused by coughing and snoring 0.33 ± 0.73 0.34 ± 0.81 −0.85 0.930 −0.326 0.299
Insomnia caused by cold feeling 0.63 ± 0.83 0.63 ± 0.76 0.021 0.983 −0.308 0.315
Insomnia caused by hot feeling 0.85 ± 0.93 0.66 ± 0.80 1.15 0.252 −0.142 0.537
Insomnia caused by nightmares 0.66 ± 0.76 0.69 ± 0.79 −0.185 0.853 −0.339 0.281
Insomnia caused by pain feeling 0.34 ± 0.61 0.340.60 0.025 0.98 −0.235 0.241