Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the cohort by case and control.
| Cases | Controls | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||
| Sex | 12 | 10 | 20 | 24 | |
| Type of CHD | |||||
| ASD | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| VSD | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Weeks of gestation | |||||
| <37 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0.0122 |
| 38–41 | 10 | 4 | 19 | 20 | |
| >42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Weight | |||||
| <2500 g | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.023 |
| 2500–3500 g | 10 | 3 | 14 | 21 | |
| >3500 g | 2 | 2 | 6 | 3 | |
| Height | |||||
| <48 cm | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 0.0001 |
| 48–50 cm | 4 | 0 | 8 | 14 | |
| >50 cm | 4 | 2 | 10 | 9 | |
| Maternal folic acid intake | |||||
| Preconceptional | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.0071 |
| During pregnancy | 10 | 7 | 20 | 24 | |
| None | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Origin | Northeastern Mexico | ||||
For the variables weeks of gestation, weight, and height, all with a normal distribution, p values were obtained using an unpaired student’s t test. For folic acid intake, the p value was obtained using chi-square analysis. P.05 statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism v.8 software.