Table 2.
Characteristics of infants who reached viral suppression ≤ 400 copies/mL (VLS) and who did not reach viral suppression (Non VLS).
| Characteristics of Infants | Virologically Suppressed (VLS) | Non Virologically Suppressed (Non VLS) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 24 | n = 15 | ||
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 11 (45.83) | 4 (26.67) | |
| Female | 13 (54.17) | 11 (73.33) | 0.32 1 |
| Age at ART initiation (days) | |||
| Median [IQR] | 33.5 [9.75] | 35 [19.00] | 0.43 2 |
| Post-natal prophylaxis, n (%) | |||
| No | 3 (12.5) | 0 | |
| Yes | 20 (83.33) | 12 (80.00) | 0.54 1 |
| Missing | 1 (4.17) | 3 (20.00) | |
| WHZ score at baseline, n (%) | |||
| ≥−1 SD | 20 (72.22) | 14 (93.33) | 0.63 1 |
| ≥2 SD to <−1 SD | 4 (27.78) | 1 (6.67) | |
| ≥−3 SD to <−2 SD | 0 | 0 | |
| WHO stage at baseline, n (%) | |||
| I | 23 (95.83) | 13 (86.66) | |
| II | 1 (4.17) | 1 (6.67) | 0.40 4 |
| III | 0 | 0 | |
| IV | 0 | 1 (6.67) | |
| CD4 at baseline, Median [IQR] | |||
| CD4 (cell/mm3) | 2.081 [1184.5] | 1.731 [589.50] | 0.13 3 |
| CD4 (%) | 38.2 [11.3] | 26 [12.5] | 0.025 3 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) at baseline | |||
| Median [IQR] | 10.6 [2.85] | 10.45 [2.27] | 0.39 3 |
| Missing (%) | 11 (16.67) | 10 (66.67) | |
| Infant pre-ART VL | |||
| Median [IQR] | 523.995 [3.099.998] | 1.462.574 [3.067.486] | 0.33 2 |
| Mean log10 (SD) | 5.54 (1.27) | 6.15 (0.66) | |
| Mode of delivery, n (%) | |||
| Vaginal | 24 (61.5) | 15 (38.5%) | - |
| Caesarian Section | 0 | 0 | |
| Mother VL during follow up, n (%) | |||
| Detectable (≥1000 copies/mL) | 8 (33.33) | 7 (46.67) | 0.29 1 |
| Undetectable (<1000 copies/mL) | 14 (58.33) | 5 (33.33) | |
| Missing | 2 (8.33) | 3 (20.00) | |
| Mother ART interruption before delivery, n (%) | |||
| No | 14 (58.33) | 6 (40.00) | |
| Yes | 10 (41.67) | 7 (46.67) | 1.00 1 |
| Missing | 0 | 2 (13.33) | |
| Mother time on ART at delivery (days) | |||
| Median [IQR] | 154.0 [268.5] | 168 [433.50] | 0.77 2 |
| Mother time on ART at delivery, n (%) | |||
| <3 months | 4 (16.67) | 1 (6.67) | 0.63 4 |
| 3–9 months | 11 (45.83) | 7 (46.67) | |
| >9 months | 8 (33.33) | 5 (33.33) | |
| Not on ART Missing |
1 (4.17) 0 |
0 2 (13.33) |
|
| Mother self-disclosure within family, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 20 (83.33) | 13 (86.67) | 1.00 1 |
| No | 4 (16.67) | 2 (13.33) | |
| Missing | 0 | 0 |
Note. IQR: interquartile range; WHZ: Weight for Height Z score; SD: standard deviation; WHO: World Health Organization; ART: antiretroviral treatment; VL: viral load. 1 Fisher’s Exact Test 2 Mann–Whitney 3 Welch T-test 4 Chi-squared.