Table 3.

Summary of CR-activated probes for therapeutic applications

Activatable probe	CR emitter	Combination way	CRIT	Treated subject	Ref.
TiO2-Tf-Tc	18F-FDG	Unbound	PDT	HT1080 tumor	79
TiO2-Tf	89Zr	Intrinsic radiolabelling	PDT	Multiple myeloma	80
Titanocene-loaded nanoparticles	18F-FDG	Unbound	PDT	Metastatic breast cancer and disseminated multiple myeloma	81
TiO2	68Ga-BSA	Unbound	PDT	4T1 tumor (IT)	82
Chlorin e6 loaded hollow mesoporous silica NPs	89Zr	Intrinsic radiolabelling	PDT	4T1 tumor (IT)	83
Porphyrin surface-modified magnetic NPs	89Zr	Intrinsic radiolabelling	PDT	4T1 tumor	84
Df-PPN	89Zr-labeled Df-PPN	Unbound	PDT	4T1 tumor	85
IRDye700DX	18F-FDG	Unbound	Photoimmunotherapy	A431-luc tumor	88
Folate-modified DOX/nanomicelles	Megavoltage X-ray radiation	Unbound	Chemotherapy	Hela tumor	92
ZGCs-ZnPcC4	131I	Extrinsic chelation	PDT-radiotherapy	4T1 tumor (IT)	95
sPS NPs	131I	Extrinsic chelation	PDT-radiotherapy	4T1 tumor-bearing mice and VX2 liver tumor-bearing rabbit	96
EM@ALA	131I	Extrinsic chelation	PDT-radiotherapy	4T1 tumor-bearing mice	97
Titanium-Oxo nanoclusters	18F-FDG	Unbound	Photo/chemodynamic therapy	HepG2 subcutaneous tumor	98
Single-layer 2D nanosheets	32P	Intrinsic radiolabelling	Radioisotope-immunotherapy	4T1 tumor (IT)	100