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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 16.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2022 Nov 16;611(7937):780–786. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05438-x

Extended Data Fig. 8. Arginine supplementation decreases C. difficile pathogenesis in mice.

Extended Data Fig. 8.

(a) C. difficile and (b) Enterococcus burdens quantified from mice following cefoperazone treatment and subsequent infection. Mice were treated with 2% L-arginine in drinking water starting 2 days prior to infection and subsequently during the course of infection (mean ± s.d.. n = 7 for control, n = 8 for L-arginine treated; Mann-Whitney with Bonferroni-Dunn method for correction for multiple comparisons for each comparison). (c) Inflammation score (P=0.023) and (d) cumulative pathology score (P=0.051) measured 3 days post-infection for control (n = 7) and L-arginine treated (n = 8) mice (mean ± s.d.. two-sided t-tests with Welch’s correction). (e) Spearman correlation between ornithine abundance in stool and C. difficile burdens in pediatric patients with IBD and CDI with detectable C. difficile based on culture (two-sided Spearman’s ρ = 0.4243; n = 26). (f) Proposed model of multifaceted cooperative interactions between enterococci and C. difficile during infection.