Table 2.
Associations between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and each lipid index.
| Lipids | Crude model | Multivariable adjusted model * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P-value | β (95% CI) | P-value | |
| RC, mmol/L | ||||
| Q1 (< 0.41) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Q2 (0.41–0.56) | 63.48 (40.58, 86.39) | <0.001 | 25.41 (7.43, 43.38) | 0.006 |
| Q3 (0.57–0.74) | 112.96 (90.00, 135.91) | <0.001 | 59.58 (41.25, 77.91) | <0.001 |
| Q4 (≥0.74) | 146.24 (123.40, 169.08) | <0.001 | 86.34 (67.63, 105.06) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| LDL-C Quartiles, mmol/L | ||||
| Q1 ( ≤ 2.72) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Q2 (2.73–3.23) | 12.33 (-10.77, 35.44) | 0.295 | 6.34 (-11.58, 24.26) | 0.488 |
| Q3 (3.24–3.78) | 50.12 (26.96, 73.28) | <0.001 | 19.93 (1.89, 37.98) | 0.030 |
| Q4 (≥3.79) | 71.12 (47.96, 94.28) | <0.001 | 24.36 (6.10, 42.63) | 0.009 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.003 | ||
| TG Quartiles, mmol/L | ||||
| Q1 ( ≤ 0.90) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Q2 (0.91–1.27) | 82.58 (59.64, 105.52) | <0.001 | 28.86 (10.84, 46.88) | 0.002 |
| Q3 (1.28–1.82) | 119.40 (96.43, 142.37) | <0.001 | 49.93 (31.57, 68.29) | <0.001 |
| Q4 (≥1.83) | 153.88 (130.90, 176.86) | <0.001 | 88.99 (70.16, 107.82) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| HDL-C Quartiles, mmol/L | ||||
| Q1 ( ≤ 1.16) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Q2 (1.17–1.39) | −16.26 (−39.33, 6.81) | 0.167 | −10.45 (−28.67, 7.78) | 0.261 |
| Q3 (1.40–1.65) | −72.05 (−95.20, −48.91) | <0.001 | −38.46 (−57.30, −19.62) | <0.001 |
| Q4 (≥1.66) | −99.58 (−122.73, −76.42) | <0.001 | −45.32 (−65.23, −25.42) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| TC Quartiles, mmol/L | ||||
| Q1 ( ≤ 4.69) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Q2 (4.70–5.27) | −10.34 (−33.47, 12.80) | 0.381 | 4.21 (−13.75, 22.16) | 0.646 |
| Q3 (5.28–5.94) | 34.06 (11.00, 57.11) | 0.004 | 27.15 (9.14, 45.16) | 0.003 |
| Q4 (≥5.95) | 59.86 (36.78, 82.94) | <0.001 | 30.40 (12.13, 48.67) | 0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Non-HDL-C Quartiles, mmol/L | ||||
| Q1 ( ≤ 3.23) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Q2 (3.23–3.84) | 37.16 (14.11, 60.20) | 0.002 | 17.92 (0.00, 35.83) | 0.050 |
| Q3 (3.85–4.50) | 61.73 (38.67, 84.80) 1 | <0.001 | 24.69 (6.63, 42.75) | 0.007 |
| Q4 (≥4.51) | 102.20 (79.18, 125.22) | <0.001 | 48.27 (30.05, 66.49) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
*
Adjusted for sex, age, BMI, eGFR, smoking, drinking, hypertension and antihypertensive drugs, diabetes and hypoglycemic drugs, stroke history, and myocardial infarction history.
CI, confidence interval; Q, quartile; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RC, remnant cholesterol.