Fig. 1.

Functions of the Left Atrium within the cardiac cycle. Pulmonary venous (PV) velocity, left atrial (LA) strain (ε), LA strain rate (SR), LA volume, left atrial pressure (LAP), and mitral spectral and tissue Doppler. ECG = electrocardiogram; MV = mitral valve. Reservoir (red), conduit (blue), and booster pump (yellow) functions are additionally illustrated by schematic drawings at the top (Modified after Mehrzad et al. 2014,³¹ © CC-BY 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/). The rest of the figure was illustrated by Craig Skaggs, Hoit 2014³⁰ ©2022 with permission from Elsevier.