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. 2022 Nov 11;13:1044662. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044662

Figure 5.

Figure 5

TLR-induced metabolic rewiring is lost in MyD88-deficient macrophages. (A, B) Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis was conducted on MPLA-treated WT, MyD88-KO (MKO), and TRIF-KO (TKO) bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) for metabolism-related pathways and displayed by significance of pathway induction (A). Differential expression of genes in metabolism-related GO pathways are shown by heatmap (B). (C, D) Glycolysis stress test was performed using Seahorse Xfe96 which measured extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) of TLR agonist-treated (MPLA, M; CpG, C; Poly I:C, P) or unstimulated (US) WT (left) MKO (middle), and TKO (right) BMDMs (C). Peak glycolysis was measured (D). (E, F) Mitochondrial stress test was performed under the same experimental parameters and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) is presented for WT (left), MKO (middle), and TKO (right) BMDMs (E). Peak respiration was measured (F). Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n = 3-5/group *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post-hoc multiple comparison test.