Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Variables | SARS-CoV-2-infected residents (main analysis) (n=3604) | Uninfected controls (main analysis) (n=3604) | SARS-CoV-2-infected residents (secondary analysis) (n=3731) | Uninfected controls (secondary analysis) (n=3731) |
| Median (IQR) days between Senior Alert registration and baseline* | 118 (59–184) | 118 (59–184) | 120 (60–188) | 120 (60–188) |
| Male sex | 1278 (35.5) | 1233 (34.2) | 1325 (35.5) | 1318 (35.3) |
| Age, median (IQR), years | 86 (80–91) | 87 (81–92) | 87 (81–92) | 87 (81–92) |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| <70 | 152 (4.2) | 166 (4.6) | 140 (3.8) | 164 (4.4) |
| 70–74 | 251 (7.0) | 302 (8.4) | 249 (6.7) | 238 (6.4) |
| 75–79 | 465 (12.9) | 438 (12.2) | 456 (12.2) | 431 (11.6) |
| 80–84 | 965 (19.3) | 688 (19.1) | 706 (18.9) | 693 (18.6) |
| 85–89 | 911 (25.3) | 829 (23.0) | 938 (25.1) | 927 (24.9) |
| ≥90 | 1130 (31.4) | 1181 (32.8) | 1242 (33.3) | 1278 (34.3) |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 25.4 (5.1) | 25.0 (5.0) | 25.4 (5.0) | 25.6 (5.3) |
| BMI categories | ||||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 233 (6.5) | 264 (7.3) | 240 (6.4) | 258 (6.9) |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.99 kg/m2) | 1614 (44.8) | 1701 (47.2) | 1672 (44.8) | 1604 (43.0) |
| Overweight (25.0–29.99 kg/m2) | 1108 (30.7) | 1160 (32.2) | 1196 (32.1) | 1182 (31.7) |
| Obesity (≥30 kg/m2) | 597 (14.7) | 531 (16.6) | 623 (16.7) | 687 (18.4) |
| Neuropsychological conditions | ||||
| None | 858 (23.8) | 906 (25.1) | 886 (23.8) | 884 (23.7) |
| Mild dementia or depression | 1755 (48.7) | 1724 (47.8) | 1822 (48.8) | 1805 (48.4) |
| Severe dementia or depression | 991 (27.5) | 974 (27.0) | 1023 (27.4) | 1042 (27.9) |
| Known previous falls | 1893 (52.5) | 1884 (52.3) | 1970 (52.8) | 1950 (52.3) |
| Walking ability | ||||
| Safe with or without walking aids | 1467 (40.7) | 1458 (40.5) | 1513 (40.6) | 1492 (40.0) |
| Unsafe walk | 1309 (36.3) | 1306 (36.2) | 1367 (36.6) | 1379 (37.0) |
| Unable to walk | 828 (23.0) | 840 (23.3) | 851 (22.8) | 860 (23.1) |
| Fluid intake (mL/day) | ||||
| >1000 | 2118 (58.8) | 2189 (60.7) | 2191 (58.7) | 2182 (58.5) |
| 700–1000 | 1292 (35.9) | 1237 (34.3) | 1327 (35.6) | 1312 (35.2) |
| 500–700 | 180 (5.0) | 161 (4.5) | 196 (5.3) | 210 (5.6) |
| <500 | 14 (0.4) | 17 (0.5) | 17 (0.5) | 27 (0.7) |
| Food intake | ||||
| Normal serving | 2523 (70.0) | 2486 (69.0) | 2597 (69.6) | 2.587 (69.3) |
| ¾ serving | 654 (18.2) | 686 (19.9) | 686 (18.4) | 699 (18.7) |
| ½ serving | 334 (9.3) | 339 (9.4) | 350 (9.4) | 341 (9.1) |
| <½ serving | 93 (2.6) | 93 (2.6) | 98 (2.6) | 104 (2.8) |
| General physical condition | ||||
| Good | 2020 (56.1) | 2002 (55.6) | 2077 (55.7) | 2034 (54.5) |
| Fair | 1463 (40.6) | 1471 (40.8) | 1524 (40.9) | 1545 (41.4) |
| Poor | 113 (3.1) | 128 (3.6) | 121 (3.2) | 142 (3.8) |
| Very bad | 8 (0.2) | 3 (0.1) | 9 (0.2) | 10 (0.3) |
| Incontinence | ||||
| No | 952 (26.4) | 962 (26.7) | 986 (26.4) | 989 (26.5) |
| Temporarily but unusual | 542 (15.0) | 482 (13.4) | 565 (15.1) | 556 (14.9) |
| Urinary or bowel | 881 (24.5) | 940 (26.1) | 906 (24.3) | 890 (23.9) |
| Urinary and bowel | 1229 (34.1) | 1220 (33.9) | 1274 (34.2) | 1296 (34.7) |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Stroke | 911 (25.3) | 940 (26.1) | 942 (25.3) | 940 (25.2) |
| Myocardial infarction | 428 (11.9) | 408 (11.3) | 446 (12.0) | 431 (11.6) |
| Angina pectoris | 553 (15.3) | 550 (15.3) | 576 (15.4) | 574 (14.4) |
| Heart failure | 733 (20.3) | 721 (20.0) | 771 (20.7) | 776 (20.8) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 963 (26.7) | 936 (26.0) | 997 (26.7) | 971 (26.0) |
| Autoimmune disease | 454 (12.6) | 446 (12.4) | 487 (13.1) | 491 (13.2) |
| Diabetes | 791 (22.0) | 765 (21.2) | 825 (22.1) | 845 (22.7) |
| COPD | 454 (12.6) | 459 (12.7) | 483 (13.0) | 486 (13.0) |
| Asthma | 258 (7.2) | 247 (6.9) | 275 (7.4) | 242 (6.5) |
| Cancer | 1630 (45.2) | 1623 (45.0) | 1687 (45.2) | 1661 (44.5) |
| Renal failure/CKD | 479 (13.3) | 505 (14.0) | 521 (14.0) | 536 (14.4) |
| Liver disease | 65 (1.8) | 62 (1.7) | 72 (1.9) | 75 (2.0) |
| Sepsis | 298 (8.3) | 296 (8.2) | 316 (8.5) | 309 (8.3) |
| Influenza | 172 (4.8) | 174 (4.8) | 184 (4.9) | 193 (5.2) |
| Pneumonia | 870 (24.1) | 895 (24.8) | 915 (24.5) | 923 (24.7) |
| Alcohol intoxication | 226 (6.3) | 250 (6.9) | 233 (6.2) | 221 (5.9) |
| Medications | ||||
| Antithrombotics | 2122 (58.9) | 2102 (58.3) | 2205 (59.1) | 2253 (60.4) |
| Antihypertensives (non-diuretic) | 2174 (60.3) | 2150 (59.7) | 2257 (60.5) | 2271 (60.9) |
| Diuretics | 1537 (42.7) | 1453 (40.3) | 1611 (43.2) | 1608 (43.1) |
| Antidepressants | 2100 (58.3) | 2078 (57.7) | 2178 (58.4) | 2140 (57.4) |
| Psycholeptics | 2556 (70.9) | 2553 (70.8) | 2649 (71.0) | 2648 (71.0) |
The data are displayed as n (%) unless stated otherwise. The data in the last two columns are the same as those presented in our previous publication.4
*Baseline was the date of SARS-CoV-2 test/date of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and the corresponding date in matched controls.
BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.