Table 3.
Risk factors for anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency anemia in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
| Anemia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Gender (male reference) | 0.57 [0.46–0.71] | p < 0.001 | 0.43 [0.28–0.66] | p < 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 1.01 [1.00–1.02] | p < 0.01 | 1.02 [1.01–1.04] | p < 0.001 |
| MCV (fL) | 0.94 [0.92–0.96] | p < 0.001 | 0.94 [0.91–0.97] | p < 0.001 |
| Log2 WBC (×109/L) | 1.01 [0.80–1.28] | NS | ||
| Log2 Platelets (×109/L) | 2.12 [1.61–2.78] | p < 0.001 | 2.17 [1.25–3.79] | p < 0.01 |
| Log2 Ferritin (µg/L) | 0.74 [0.68–0.81] | p < 0.001 | 0.75 [0.65–0.87] | p < 0.001 |
| Tsat (%) | 0.92 [0.90–0.94] | p < 0.001 | ||
| Log2 CRP (mg/L) | 1.23 [1.15–1.32] | p < 0.001 | ||
| Log2 FCP (mg/kg) | 1.23 [1.15–1.32] | p < 0.001 | 1.18 [1.08–1.28] | p < 0.001 |
| Iron Deficiency | ||||
| Univariable OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Gender (male reference) | 2.34 [1.86–2.94] | p < 0.001 | 2.63 [1.84–3.75] | p < 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 0.97 [0.97–0.98] | p < 0.001 | 0.98 [0.97–0.99] | p < 0.001 |
| MCV (fL) | 0.92 [0.90–0.93] | p < 0.001 | 0.94 [0.91–0.97] | p < 0.001 |
| Log2 WBC (×109/L) | 2.13 [1.67–2.72] | p < 0.001 | ||
| Log2 Platelets (×109/L) | 3.79 [2.80–5.14] | p < 0.001 | 1.85 [1.16–2.95] | p < 0.01 |
| Log2 CRP (mg/L) | 1.31 [1.22–1.41] | p < 0.001 | ||
| Log2 FCP (mg/kg) | 1.39 [1.30–1.49] | p < 0.001 | 1.39 [1.29–1.50] | p < 0.001 |
| Iron-Deficiency Anemia | ||||
| Univariable OR (95% CI) | p-Value | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Gender (male reference) | 0.91 [0.65–1.27] | NS | ||
| Age (years) | 1.00 [0.99–1.01] | NS | ||
| MCV (fL) | 0.85 [0.83–0.88] | p < 0.001 | 0.87 [0.84–0.91] | p < 0.001 |
| Log2 WBC (×109/L) | 1.49 [1.04–2.12] | p < 0.05 | ||
| Log2 Platelets (×109/L) | 3.52 [2.30–5.40] | p < 0.001 | ||
| Log2 CRP (mg/L) | 1.26 [1.15–1.39] | p < 0.001 | ||
| Log2 FCP (mg/kg) | 1.37 [1.25–1.51] | p < 0.001 | 1.35 [1.22–1.49] | p < 0.001 |
Odds ratios (OR) are presented with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, MCV: Mean Corpuscular Volume, CRP: C-reactive Protein, WBC: white blood cell count, Tsat: transferrin saturation, FCP: fecal calprotectin. NS: statistically non-significant (p-value > 0.05). The OR for variables expressed in log2-scale represents an increase or decrease in the risk of the outcome when the value of a variable doubles.