Table 4.

Oral organisms associated with pancreatic cancer.

Scheme	Organisms (Oral Bacteria)	Sample Type	Reference
30 PHC patients and 25 healthy controls.	The proportions of Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria were higher in the disease group than they were in the control group.	tongue coat samples	[121]
361 incident adenocarcinoma of pancreas and 371 matched controls.	The proportions of P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were higher in the disease group than they were in the control group, while the proportion of Leptotrichia was lower.	oral wash samples	[39]
Forty newly diagnosed PDAC patients, 39 IPMN patients, and 58 controls.	The proportions of Firmicutes and related taxa (Bacilli, Lactobacillales, Streptococcaceae, Streptococcus, and Streptococcus thermophilus) were higher in the disease group than they were in the control group.	saliva samples	[122]
405 pancreatic cancer cases and 416 matched controls.	The proportion of antibodies against P. gingivalis ATTC 53978 was higher in the disease group than it was in the control group.	blood samples	[123]
10 resectable patients with pancreatic cancer and 10 matched healthy controls.	The proportions of N. elongata and S. mitis were lower in the disease group than they were in the control group, while the proportion of G. adiacens was higher.	saliva samples	[124]
patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 41) and healthy individuals (n = 69).	The proportions of Lactobacillales, Bacilli, Streptococcus, Firmicutes, Actinomyces, Rothia, Leptotrichia, Lactobacillus, E. coli, and Enterobacteriales were higher in the disease group than they were in the control group.	saliva samples	[120]
patients with suspected PCN (n = 105).	The proportion of F. nucleatum genome was higher in the disease group than it was in the control group.	cyst fluid and peripheral blood liquid biopsies	[118]
IPMN pancreatic cystic tumor cases and controls.	The reactivity of salivary IgA to F. nucleatum and the Fap2 mimotope increased.	paired plasma and saliva samples	[125]