Table 1.

The physiological and functional roles of each Wnt isoform on hair growth.

Wnt Isoforms	Cell or Animal Type	Experimental Methods	Functional Roles	References
Wnt1a	C57BL/6 mice	Overexpression of Wnt1a-CM derived from BM-MSCs	↑ Versican, Lef-1 ↑ Gli-1, Ptc-1 ↑ ALP ↑ Transition of telogen to anagen	[37]
Wnt3a	Nude mouse	Grafting of Chick embryo fibroblasts producing Wnt3a	↑ Hair inductive activity	[10]
	SCD1-null mice	-	↓ Posttranslational O-palmitoleoylation of Wnt3a	[38]
	Balb/c mice DPCs	MAC-EV containing Wnt3a/Wnt7b	↑ Hair Growth ↑ HF Number, Dermis thickness ↑ HF shaft elongation ↑ KGF, VEGF, Axin2, Lef1 ↑ Versican, ALP, p-AKT, Bcl-2	[39]
	Human hair organ DPCs	WNT3a-CM	↑ Hair growth	[40]
Wnt4	Male occipital scalp HFs from patients		↑ WNT3, WNT4, WNT10B ↑ AXIN2, LEF1 ↓ SFRP1, DKK1	[41]
Wnt5	C57BL/6J mice	Overexpression of adenovirus, Wnt5a	↑ Telogen stage ↓ β-catenin ↓ Myc, Axin2	[42,43]
	C57BL/6 mice	Overexpression of adenovirus Wnt5a, and AdSimBC	↓ β-catenin, Lef1	[43]
	C57BL/6 mice Cdc42GAP−/− mice	overexpression of adenovirus Wnt5a,	↑ small RhoGTPase Cdc42	[44]
Wnt10b	whisker hair follicle organ culture from C3H/HeN mice	Medium containing Wnt-10b	↑ Shaft growth ↑ Keratin 15 in the bulge region	[45]
	C57BL6/N mice	In vivo injection of AdWnt10b	↑ Wnt/β-catenin ↑ Hair follicle regeneration	[46]
	C57BL/6 mice	Intradermal injection of AdWnt10b	↑ β-catenin ↑ CD34	[47]

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), Conditioned medium (CM), Keratinocytes growth factor (KGF), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), SFRP1 (secreted frizzled-related protein 1), Hair follicle (HF), AdSimBC (siRNA targeting β-catenin), “↑” increased; “↓” decreased.