Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Study Location | Study Design | Groups | No. of Participants | Mean Age | Gender (M/F) | Intervention | Treatment Period | Type of Disease |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salimian 2022 [41] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 26 | 57.6 ± 11.5 | NR | selenized yeast 200 μg/day | 24 weeks | Diabetic nephropathy |
| C | 27 | 61.5 ± 9.8 | NR | placebo | |||||
| Ghazi 2021 [42] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I1 | 16 | 59.06 ± 8.55 | 12/4 | selenium-enriched yeast 200 μg/day | 8 weeks | Atherosclerosis |
| I2 | 16 | 58.62 ± 9.68 | 16/0 | sodium selenite 200 μg/day | |||||
| C | 17 | 53.58 ± 13.75 | 15/2 | Placebo | |||||
| Najib 2020 [43] | Iran | Multi-center double-blinded RCT | I | 26 | 29.19 ± 6.16 | 0/26 | selenium supplements 100 μg/day | 12 weeks | Gestational diabetes mellitus |
| C | 28 | 31.0 ± 4.43 | 0/28 | Placebo | |||||
| Kamali 2019 [30] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 17 | 62.6 ± 11.6 | NR | selenium yeast 200 μg/day | 4 weeks | Coronary heart disease |
| C | 16 | 61.2 ± 4.6 | NR | Placebo | |||||
| Raygan 2018 [44] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 26 | 70.7 ± 10.3 | 8/18 | selenium yeast 200 μg/day | 12 weeks | Congestive heart failure |
| C | 27 | 68.5 ± 7.7 | 8/19 | Placebo | |||||
| Bahmani 2016 [45] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 30 | 63.1 ± 12.6 | 15/15 | selenium supplements 200 μg/day | 12 weeks | Diabetic nephropathy |
| C | 30 | 61.4 ± 9.3 | 15/15 | Placebo | |||||
| Farrokhian 2016 [46] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 30 | NR | 10/20 | selenium yeast 200μg/day | 8 weeks | Type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease |
| C | 30 | NR | 10/20 | Placebo | |||||
| Asemi 2015 [47] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 35 | 27.6 ± 5.3 | 0/35 | selenium supplements 200 μg/day | 6 weeks | Gestational diabetes mellitus |
| C | 35 | 29.6 ± 3.6 | 0/35 | Placebo | |||||
| Faghihi 2014 [48] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 33 | 53.54 ± 7.52 | 16/17 | sodium selenite 200 μg/day | 3 months | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| C | 27 | 55.76 ± 7.77 | 18/9 | Placebo | |||||
| Alizadeh 2012 [49] | Iran | Single-center double-blinded RCT | I | 17 | 36.6 ± 8.6 | 0/17 | selenium-enriched yeast 200 μg/day | 6 weeks | Obesity |
| C | 17 | 36.7 ± 8.3 | 0/17 | Placebo |
M: Male, F: Female, I: Intervention, C: Control, NR: Not reported, RCT: Randomized controlled trial.