Table 4.
Risk of adverse neonatal outcomes related to morbidity and mortality, in women with a disability, compared to women without any recognized disability.
| Disability type | Number (%) with outcome | Unadjusted RR (95% CI) | Adjusted RR (95% CI)a | Adjusted RR (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neonatal morbidity | ||||
| No disability (N=1,593,354) | 123,396 (7.7) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Physical only (N=144,187) | 13,103 (9.1) | 1.17 (1.15–1.19) | 1.16 (1.13–1.18) | 1.12 (1.10–1.14) |
| Sensory only (N=44,988) | 3,991 (8.9) | 1.15 (1.11–1.18) | 1.13 (1.09–1.16) | 1.11 (1.07–1.14) |
| Intellectual/developmental only (N=2,207) | 267 (12.1) | 1.55 (1.38–1.74) | 1.54 (1.37–1.73) | 1.42 (1.27–1.60) |
| Multiple (N=8,823) | 957 (10.8) | 1.40 (1.32–1.49) | 1.36 (1.28–1.45) | 1.28 (1.20–1.36) |
| Neonatal abstinence syndrome | ||||
| No disability (N=1,593,354) | 7,756 (0.48) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Physical only (N=144,187) | 1,926 (1.3) | 2.98 (2.81–3.16) | 2.45 (2.31–2.60) | 1.78 (1.68–1.89) |
| Sensory only (N=44,988) | 281 (0.62) | 1.33 (1.16–1.53) | 1.06 (0.92–1.22) | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) |
| Intellectual/developmental only (N=2,207) | 60 (2.7) | 6.00 (4.50–8.01) | 3.54 (2.68–4.69) | 1.53 (1.12–2.08) |
| Multiple (N=8,823) | 185 (2.1) | 4.73 (4.01–5.57) | 3.47 (2.94–4.10) | 1.87 (1.57–2.23) |
| NICU admission | ||||
| No disability (N=1,593,354) | 186,742 (11.7) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Physical only (N=144,187) | 20,233 (14.0) | 1.19 (1.18–1.21) | 1.19 (1.18–1.21) | 1.14 (1.12–1.16) |
| Sensory only (N=44,988) | 5,931 (13.2) | 1.12 (1.10–1.15) | 1.12 (1.09–1.15) | 1.09 (1.06–1.12) |
| Intellectual/developmental only (N=2,207) | 455 (20.6) | 1.71 (1.57–1.87) | 1.73 (1.58–1.89) | 1.53 (1.40–1.67) |
| Multiple (N=8,823) | 1,584 (18.0) | 1.52 (1.44–1.59) | 1.49 (1.42–1.56) | 1.35 (1.29–1.42) |
| Neonatal mortality | ||||
| No disability (N=1,593,354) | 3,065 (0.19) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Physical only (N=144,187) | 318 (0.22) | 1.14 (1.02–1.28) | 1.15 (1.02–1.29) | 1.12 (0.99–1.26) |
| Sensory only (N=44,988) | 100 (0.22) | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) | 1.17 (0.96–1.44) | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) |
| Intellectual/developmental only (N=2,207) | 6 (0.27) | 1.37 (0.60–3.10) | 1.38 (0.61–3.13) | 1.27 (0.56–2.89) |
| Multiple (N=8,823) | 26 (0.29) | 1.53 (1.03–2.29) | 1.55 (1.04–2.32) | 1.46 (0.98–2.18) |
Bolded text identifies statistically significant RRs.
a
Model 1 adjusts for maternal age, parity, neighbourhood income quintile, rural residence, and immigrant status.
b
Model 2 further adjusts for stable chronic conditions, unstable chronic conditions, mental illness, substance use disorders, and prenatal care adequacy.