Figure 1.

The Yin-Yang effect of glucocorticoids on cardiovascular system—glucocorticoids whether endogenous or exogenous have an inevitable role from developmental stage to post-natal and adult stages. GCs provide crucial protection to cardiovascular system against autoimmune attack on cardiovascular system during all the human life stages combined. The role of GCs against COVID-19 mediated attack on cardiovascular system is a newly identified role. In contrast, excess GC level could lead to cardiac cell apoptosis, cardiac wall thickening, along with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and endothelial dysfunction when exposed to GCs chronically debilitating cardiovascular function.