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. 2022 Nov 4;9(11):380. doi: 10.3390/jcdd9110380

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Forest plot of hazard ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events in groups according to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (A,B) and choline (C,D) levels at enrollment (V1) and follow-up visit (V2). Patients with available TMAO and choline levels of V1 and V2 were divided into four groups according to the median levels of each visit (TMAO: 6.7 µmol/L and 12.7 µmol/L, choline: 1.2 µmol/L and 1.7 µmol/L for V1 and V2, respectively). L/L, low V1 and low V2; L/H, low V1 and high V2; H/L, high V1 and low V2; H/H, high V1 and high V2. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compare the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among the four groups of patients using L/L as the reference on each occasion [(A,C) unadjusted, (B) adjusted with age, hypertension, diabetes, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and previous history of stroke and MI, Killip II-IV, the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score, multiple vessels disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, and the peak value of cardiac troponin I and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide during hospitalization, as well as estimated glomerular filtration rate and left ventricular ejection fraction at V2; (D) adjusted with these factors and TMAO levels at V2].