Table 3.
Doses of active ingredients and related prescriptions of natural medicine.
| Medicine | Dose in Animals | Dose in Human | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active ingredients | |||
| Ligustrazine | 20 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) | 80–240 mg/d (i.v.) | [67,174] |
| Tanshinone IIA | 30 mg/kg/d in rat (i.v.) 10 mg/kg/d in mice (i.p.) |
60 mg/d (i.v.) | [75,175,176,177] |
| Ligustilide | 20–40 mg/kg/day in rat (p.o.) 5–20 mg/kg/d in mice (i.p.) |
/ | [178,179] |
| Hydroxysafflor Yellow A | 10–40 mg/kg/d in rat (i.v.) 2 mg/kg/d in mice (i.v.) |
25–70 mg/d (i.v.) | [93,180,181] |
| Ginsenoside Rd | 25 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) 10–50 mg/kg/d in mice (i.p.) |
10–20 mg/d (i.v.) | [182,183,184] |
| Ginsenoside-Rb1 | 25–100 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) | / | [185] |
| Ginsenoside-Rg1 | 20 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) 10–40 mg/kg/d in mice (i.p.) |
/ | [107,186] |
| Paeoniflorin | 40 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) | 3–9 g/d (i.v.) | [112,187] |
| Panax notoginseng Saponins | 25–100 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) 45 mg/kg/d in mice (i.p.) |
500 mg/d (i.v.) | [117,188,189] |
| Salvianolic Acid B | 10–20 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) | / | [70] |
| Breviscapus | 3–6 mL/kg in rat (i.v.) | / | [190] |
| Astragaloside IV | 2g/kg/d in rat (i.v.) 20 mg/kg in rat (i.p.) 200 mg/kg in mice (i.p.) |
/ | [82,83,191] |
| Lumbrokinase | / | 1,800,000 units/d (p.o.) | [151] |
| Hirudin | 10–40 mg/kg in mice (p.o.) | 2.25 g/d (p.o.) | [153,156] |
| Prescriptions | Formula/dose | ||
| Buyang Huanwu Decoction |
10–40 g/kg in rat (p.o.) 1.0 g/kg in mice (p.o), twice daily |
raw Astragalus 30 g, angelica 15 g, longan meat 15 g, antler gum 10 g, Salvia miltiorrhiza 10 g, frankincense 10 g, myrrh 10 g, and dried pine 5 g | [192,193,194,195] |
| Taohong Siwu decoction |
4.5–18 g/kg/d in rat (p.o.) | / | [196] |
| Danhong injection | 0.75–3 mL/kg in rat (i.v.), twice daily 3 mL/kg/d in mice (i.m.) |
20–40 mL/d (i.v.) | [134,138,197,198] |
| Sanhua decoction | 10 g/kg/d in rat (p.o.) | / | [140] |
| Xingnaojing injection |
0.75–3 mL/kg/d in rat (i.m.) 6 mg/kg/d in mice (i.m.) |
20 mL/12 h (i.v.) | [143,199] |
| Tongxinluo capsule |
100 mg/kg/d in rat (p.o.) 0.75–3.0 g/kg/d in mice (p.o.) |
1.56–3.12 g/d (p.o.) | [161,162,163] |
| Naoxintong capsule |
0.5 g/kg/d in rat (p.o.) | 2.4 g/d (p.o.) | [200,201,202] |
| Shuxuetong injection |
6 mL/kg/d in rat (i.v.) 0.27–1.08 mg/kg/d in rat (i.p.) |
6–10 mL/d (i.v.) | [171,172,203] |
/ Representative did not report.