Kushenol F ameliorates clinical symptoms in AD mice. (A) Schematic diagram of the present study. DNCB was administered first and DFE was used 4 days later on each ear. DNCB or DFE treatment was repeated once a week rotationally for 4 weeks. After 1 week of induction, kushenol F (2, 10 or 50 mg/kg) was orally administered daily for 3 weeks. (B) Ear thickness was assessed 24 h following DFE or DNCB application with a dial thickness gauge. Representative photographed examples of the effects of kushenol F on DFE/DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions in the ear. (C) Mouse scratching behavior of was assessed 4 h following the last sensitization for 10 min. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 5). ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 vs. control. AD, atopic dermatitis; DFE, Dermatophilosis farinae extract; DNCB, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene.