Figure 4.

TM-induced ERS effects on liver cell apoptosis in piglets. Piglets were administrated with TM LD (0.1 mg/kg body weight), HD (0.3 mg/kg body weight), or vehicle for 48 h. (A–C): TUNEL staining of vehicle, LD, and HD groups under 200× objective lens. (D): The apoptosis rate. (E): Relative protein levels of Active-Caspase 3 and β-actin protein levels were assessed using Western blot analysis in different TM treatment groups. (F–I): Relative mRNA levels of GRP94, GRP78, ATF6, and ATF4 were measured by real-time RT-PCR. ** means p < 0.01.