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. 2022 Nov 14;23(22):14059. doi: 10.3390/ijms232214059

Figure 11.

Figure 11

Schematic of the GRP94 pathway under ERS. ERS: endoplasmic reticulum stress; GRP78: glucose regulated protein 78; GRP94: glucose-regulated protein 94; IRE1α: inositol requiring enzyme 1; XBP1: X-box-binding protein 1; XBP1-s: spliced X-box-binding protein 1; ERAD: endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor-1; IGF-1R: insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor; IGFBPs: insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins; Ub: ubiquitin; E1: ubiquitin-activating enzymes; E2: ubiquitin conjugating enzymes; E3: ubiquitin–protein ligase.