Table 2.
Summary of indoor air studies identifying the sample type, indoor air extraction methods, desorption methods, and detection methods.
| Sample Type | Air Extraction Method | Media Desorption | Detection Method | State, Country | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Two former clandestine laboratories. | Personal sampling pump (1.5 L/min flow rate) connected to a silica gel sorbent tube followed by glass fiber filter in a clear styrene cassette. |
15 mL methanol | LC-MS Agilent 1100 LC-MSD |
Minnesota, USA | Raynor and Carmody 2006 [40] |
| Suspected clandestine laboratories and controlled methamphetamine manufacture in abandoned structures using red phosphorus, hypophosphorous, phosphorus flake, and anhydrous ammonia methods. | Personal sampling pump (2 L/min flow rate) with 37 mm sampling cassettes and acid-treated glass fiber filters. | Method under development at time of paper publication. | GC-MS Make not specified |
Colorado, USA | Martyny et al. 2007 [12] |
| Controlled “smoking” of methamphetamine in a dwelling. | Personal sampling pump (2 L/min flow rate) with acid-treated glass fiber filters. | As specified in NIOSH draft method 9106, a method used for methamphetamine analysis on wipes by liquid-liquid extraction. | GC-MS Make not specified |
Colorado, USA | Martyny et al. 2008 [11] |
| Controlled methamphetamine manufacture in a home using a red phosphorus method. | Personal sampling pump (2 or 2.5 L/min flow rate) with closed-face, acid-treated glass fiber filter cassette and with an aluminum cyclone filter cassette. Sioutas Personal Cascade Impactor (9 L/min flow) with acid-treated glass fiber media. |
As specified in NIOSH draft method 9106. | GC-MS Make not specified |
Colorado, USA | Van Dyke et al. 2008 [16] |
| Suspected former clandestine laboratories. | Dynamic SPME field sampler coupled to an air sampling pump (sampling for 5–30 min at 1 L/min flow rate). | SPME fiber introduced into GC inlet set at 250 °C. | GC-MS HP 6890 GC + HP 5973 MS Positive Ion Mode, 70 eV |
New Zealand | McKenzie, Miskelly and Butler 2013 [41,42], McKenzie 2014 [43] * |
| Contaminated home from known methamphetamine manufacture. | Personal sampling pump (1 L/min flow rate) with ORBO™-49P (XAD®-2 resin) sampling tubes. | Based on NIOSH method 9111, a method used for methamphetamine analysis on wipe samples. | LC-MS Agilent 1290 Infinity UHPLC system 6460/6470 Triple Quadrupole, LC-MS electrospray source |
Australia | Wright et al. 2021 [13] |
Note: GC-MS = gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, LC-MS = liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, SPME = solid phase microextraction, UHPLC = ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. * Three papers were identified but merged in this summary table as they were conducted by the same authors following similar methods.