Table 5.

Natural molecules ameliorate gut dysbiosis for NDD treatment.

Compounds	Models	Mechanisms	Administration	Ref.
Berberine	PD patients	Improving the disorder of intestinal flora and suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors	oral	[69]
Curcumin	APP/PS1 mice as AD model	Altering the relative abundances of bacterial taxa	i.g.	[70]
Gastrodin	D-galactose-induced AD mice	Changing the gut microbiome composition	i.g.	[71]
Ginkgolide B	D-galactose and aluminum chloride-induced AD mice	Reconstructing gut microbiota by reversing the decreased abundance of Lactobacillus and the increased abundance of Bacteroidales, Muribaculaceae, and Alloprevotella	i.g.	[72]
Ginsenoside Rg1	Aβ25–35-induced tree shrews as AD model	Changing the abundance of gut microbiota and increasing lactobacillaceae	i.g.	[73]
Salidroside	SAMP8 mice as AD model	Improving the gut barrier integrity and modifying the gut microbiota	i.g.	[66]
Silibinin and silymarin	APP/PS1 mice as AD model	Regulating the microbiota diversity and abundance of several key bacterial species associated with AD	i.g.	[65]

i.g. for intragastric administration, oral for drugs mixed in the diet.