Table 8.
Phytochemical composition of the fruit of Bactris gasipaes.
| No. | Compound | I | A | PO | Method | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ester | ||||||
| 1 | Methyl salicylate | x | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | [85] | |
| Aldehyde | ||||||
| 2 | Nonanal | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | [85] | ||
| Alcohols | ||||||
| 3 | 2-phenylethanol | x | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | [85] | |
| 4 | 1-Hexanol | x | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | ||
| 5 | 2,3-Butanodiol | x | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | ||
| 6 | 1-Nonanol | x | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | ||
| Carotenoids | ||||||
| 7 | β-carotene | x | Raw and boiled pulp | HPLC-DAD-UV/Vis | [86] | |
| 8 | Xanthophyll | x | Raw and boiled pulp | HPLC-DAD-UV/Vis | ||
| 9 | γ-carotene | x | Raw and boiled pulp | HPLC-DAD-UV/Vis | ||
| 10 | Lycopene | x | Raw and boiled pulp | HPLC-DAD-UV/Vis | ||
| Fatty acids | ||||||
| 11 | Stearic acid | x | Pulp (oil) | SOX; GC-MS | [82] | |
| 12 | Oleic acid | x | Pulp (oil) | SOX; GC-MS | ||
| 13 | Linoleic acid | x | Pulp (oil) | SOX; GC-MS | ||
| 14 | Palmitic acid | x | Pulp (oil) | SOX; GC-MS | ||
| 15 | Palmitoleic acid | x | Pulp (oil) | SOX; GC-MS | ||
| Other | ||||||
| 16 | β-ionone | x | Raw pulp | ETHOS; HS-SPME/GC-MS | [85] | |
Note. I: identified; A: isolated; PO: plant organ. Methods are indicated with an acronym, corresponding to: ETHOS: Microwave extraction with aqueous ethanol solution. HS-SPME/GC-MS: Microextraction in solid phase in headspace mode (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometer. HPLC-DAD-UV/Vis: high resolution liquid phase chromatography (HPLC) and visible ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV/Vis). SOX: Soxhlet (solid liquid) extraction method, using petroleum ether. GC-MS: gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.