Table 4.
Early and late outcomes of patients with spontaneous and iatrogenic acute TAAD in the unmatched and propensity score matched cohorts.
| Unmatched Cohorts | Propensity Score Matched Pairs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcomes | Spontaneous TAAD No. 3799 |
Iatrogenic TAAD No. 103 |
p-Value | Spontaneous TAAD No. 102 |
Iatrogenic TAAD No. 102 |
p-Value |
| Early outcomes | ||||||
| In-hospital mortality | 658 (17.3) | 31 (30.1) | 0.001 | 16 (15.7) | 31 (30.4) | 0.013 |
| Neurological complications | 812 (21.4) | 22 (21.4) | 0.997 | 20 (19.6) | 22 (21.6) | 0.729 |
| Stroke | 575 (15.1) | 17 (16.5) | 0.702 | 15 (14.7) | 17 (16.7) | 0.700 |
| Ischemic stroke | 525 (13.8) | 14 (13.6) | 0.947 | 15 (14.7) | 14 (13.7) | 0.841 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 73 (1.9) | 3 (2.9) | 0.453 | 0 (0) | 3 (2.9) | 0.246 |
| Global brain ischemia | 175 (4.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0.330 | 3 (2.9) | 2 (2.0) | 1.000 |
| Paraplegia/paraparesis | 198 (5.2) | 6 (5.8) | 0.783 | 3 (2.9) | 6 (5.9) | 0.498 |
| Tetraplegia | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Composite end-point a | 1107 (29.1) | 45 (43.7) | 0.001 | 29 (28.4) | 45 (44.1) | 0.020 |
| Heart failure | 516 (13.6) | 36 (35.0) | <0.0001 | 11 (10.8) | 36 (35.3) | <0.0001 |
| Mechanical circulatory support | 128 (3.4) | 13 (12.6) | <0.0001 | 2 (2.0) | 13 (12.7) | 0.005 |
| IABP | 29 (0.) | 6 (5.8) | <0.0001 | 1 (1.0) | 6 (5.9) | 0.119 |
| VA-ECMO | 102 (2.7) | 9 (8.7) | 0.002 | 1 (1.0) | 9 (8.8) | 0.019 |
| Dialysis | 543 (14.3) | 16 (15.5) | 0.725 | 13 (12.7) | 16 (15.7) | 0.548 |
| Sepsis | 464 (12.2) | 10 (9.7) | 0.443 | 13 (12.7) | 10 (9.8) | 0.507 |
| Laryngeal nerve palsy | 71 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 0.264 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Reoperation for intrathoracic bleeding | 530 (14.0) | 19 (18.4) | 0.195 | 15 (14.7) | 19 (18.6) | 0.452 |
| Tracheostomy | 305 (8.0) | 14 (13.6) | 0.042 | 6 (5.9) | 14 (13.7) | 0.060 |
| Deep sternal wound infection | 84 (2.2) | 5 (4.9) | 0.085 | 2 (2.0) | 5 (4.9) | 0.445 |
| Mesenteric ischemia | 145 (3.8) | 4 (3.9) | 0.973 | 3 (2.9) | 4 (3.9) | 1.000 |
| Acute lower limb ischemia | 120 (3.2) | 4 (3.9) | 0.569 | |||
| Acute upper limb ischemia | 12 (0.3) | 1 (1.0) | 0.294 | 0 (0) | 4 (3.9) | 0.121 |
| Additional procedures | ||||||
| Revasc. for mesenteric ischemia | 7 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Revasc. for renal ischemia | 7 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Revasc. for lower limb ischemia | 51 (1.3) | 1 (1.0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.0) | 1.000 |
| Revasc. for upper limb ischemia | 7 (0.2) | 1 (1.0) | 0.193 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Major lower limb amputation | 17 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Surgery for intestinal complications | 18 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Late outcome | ||||||
| 5-year mortality | 1087 (32.3) | 41 (45.6) | 0.002 | 34 (39.4) | 41 (46.2) | 0.163 |
Values are number (percentages). Revasc = revascularization. IABP = intra-aortic balloon pump; TAAD = type A aortic dissection; VA-ECMO = venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. a Includes in-hospital death, stroke and/or global ischemia.